自1990 年代以來,在全球經濟自由化衝擊下,政府經濟管制的鬆綁,使得產業經營環境愈加競爭,市場結構丕變,由於廠商的獲利能力降低,市場佔有率下降,為取得區域與全球經濟場域之競爭優勢,同時企業基於成長經營需求與維持競爭優勢的因素,合併與收購(Mergers and Acquisitions,簡稱M&A)乃因應而生。然而在此過程中有相當比例的勞工,將成為這種合併競爭策略下被淘汰犧牲的弱勢者,全球化迎合了自由資本擴張的需求,確也帶來企業併購過程中的勞資關係所產生之新社會不平等課題。台灣面對國際競爭與國際組織的壓力,使國內企業面臨相當大的挑戰,在走上自由化、國際化與開放的路程上面臨外資挾龐大資本登陸台灣,為能與歐美大型集團相互抗衡提昇國際競爭力,銀行大型化是必然趨勢,企業更須求新求變以尋求合併的利基,以因應未來國際金融市場的競爭局勢。在加入世界貿易組織(WTO)之後,臺灣金融經濟經歷如此大規模的整併過程是否也同時不可避免的形成大量勞工失業,而造成不和諧的勞資關係?員工是否在合併過程中對政府產生反對及不信任的態度,製造激烈的抗爭遊行,使國家付出慘重的負面社會成本,衍生出更多的失業人口,形成嚴重的社會問題?本文試圖提供諸多觀察及討論面向從政府政策、企業部門、勞工團體所形成之勞資關係體系以個案研究方式深入探討並提出建議。 Since 1990, the impact of globalized economy and the change of government economic policy, this leads to have more competitors in the industries and change Market Structure. Due to the limited margin and low market share, There are a number of reasons that mergers and acquisitions occur, such as globalization competitive strategy, economic scale production consideration.
This paper analyses the employment effects of mergers and acquisitions and some major labor disputes often arise during mergers and acquisitions. Due to globalization, deregulation, and operating capital accumulation in Taiwan’s business, the impetus to mergers and acquisitions among banking industry , it faced with a cataclysmic change after it joins WTO. The major findings of this papers are as follows: 1. If Taiwan banking industry ,in the period of the mergers and acquisitions, causes significant loss of labors and labor disputes. 2. In the period of the mergers and acquisitions, if the labors don’t trust the government , against government, this results increasing of social environment cost and serious social problems 3. Some discussion on government policy , labor management and labor union