| 摘要: | 地圖是學生發展空間智能的重要媒介，但目前小學地理教育中缺乏適用的地圖，且所用地圖資訊更新不易缺乏實用性，學生不易將地理概念具體化，對地理知識缺乏完整性概念。地理資訊系統(Geography Information System，GIS)產生的電子地圖，可將地理資訊變成具體可視的地理現象，能與教學內容做較適當結合，若能融入於地理教學，對小學地理教育面臨的困境將有所助益。
本研究主要目的是運用Google地球強大的搜尋功能與豐富圖文資訊，規劃適當教學策略，以解決目前國小地理教學面臨的實際問題。研究者先提出初步教學活動設計，然後實施教學，在教學過程中委請一位資深社會學習領域教師參與觀察，嘗試透過觀察、訪談、收集學習文件等方式，探討如何將Google地球融入地理教學之中。
教學實施結果從課程設計、教師的教學、學生的學習、課程互動、學習情境等面向，檢視Google地球融入地理教學對教學產生的影響與助益。Google地球可清楚呈現空間資訊與地理環境，讓學生用視覺化觀察的方式來學習地理知識。研究發現Google地球可將地理知識視覺化、做為即時評量工具、增進學生對家鄉的認識、以競賽或遊戲的方式進行課程、免除教師需不斷換地圖的麻煩、讓學生以做中學的方式學習地理知識、提升學習興趣與專注力、增加師生互動機會、促進合作學習與同儕互動。
研究顯示Google地球融入教學後，學生在態度上有很大的轉變，上課氣氛也較為輕鬆，顯示Google地球融入於國小地理教學活動是可行的一種教學方式，最終將根據研究結果，提出較適宜的Google地球融入國小五年級地理教學活動的具體建議。
Map is an important medium for students to develop spatial intelligence. However, the lack of suitable map in current elementary school geography education and the difficulty in updating the map information have made it difficult for students to acquire a clear concept of geographical knowledge. The electronic map generated by Geography Information System (GIS) can visualize the geographical information. If well integrated into geography lessons, it can be a great help in removing the obstacles to elementary school geography education.
The main purpose of this research is to use the powerful searching function and abundant geographical information of Google Earth to fulfill instructional needs for elementary geography education. The researcher teaches according to a teaching plan and an experienced social studies teacher is invited to join the observation in class. Through observation, interview and the collection of student portfolios, the researcher investigates how to apply Google Earth to geography education.
The teaching result is examined through the lesson plan, teacher’s teaching, students’ learning, teacher-student interaction and the learning environment to examine the effect of integrating Google Earth into geography education. Google Earth can clearly demonstrate spatial information and geographical environment, so that students can learn geography through observation. It is discovered in this research that Google Earth has the following features: visualizing geographical knowledge, serving as an instant assessment tool, increasing students’ understanding of their home, incorporating competition and games into the lesson, preventing the trouble of changing maps constantly, providing students with hands-on experiences while learning geographical knowledge, arousing students’ interest and concentration, improving teacher-student interaction, promoting cooperative learning and peer interaction.
This research indicates that the application of Google Earth has create a positive change in student attitudes and a more comfortable class atmosphere. As the integration of Google Earth into elementary school geography education is feasible, concrete suggestions on how to apply Google Earth to fifth-grade geography lessons are provided according to the research. |
