淡江大學機構典藏:Item 987654321/30947
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    Title: 費茲修力倡黑奴制度論述之分析
    Other Titles: An analysis on George Fitzhugh's proslavery theories
    Authors: 潘奕愷;Pan, I-kai
    Contributors: 淡江大學美國研究所碩士班
    李本京;Lee, Thomas B.
    Keywords: 費茲修;奴隸制度;黑奴;種植園;南北戰爭;Fitzhugh;slavery;slave;plantation;Civil War
    Date: 2009
    Issue Date: 2010-01-11 00:05:22 (UTC+8)
    Abstract: 十九世紀中期,美國南北雙方,為了奴隸制度﹝slavery﹞的存廢而爭論不休。費茲修是位熱情且激進的奴隸制度擁護者。他認為自由社會(Free Society),特別是北方﹝the North﹞的自由社會,是糟糕透頂的絕對失敗。因南北戰爭的結果為南方落敗,所以他的名字今天不為人們所熟記。儘管如此,費茲修已經在美國歷史留下屬於知識份子的一頁。
    他著有兩篇重要的出版品,第一篇是之前提到的《南方社會學或是自由社會的失敗》(Sociology For The South or the Failure of Free Society, 1854),隨著此篇文章的問世,第二篇巨作為《吃人族!亦或是沒有主人的奴隸》(Cannibals All! or Slaves without Masters , 1857),費茲修更是清楚明白的闡述了自己的主張,以抨擊北方自由社會邪惡一面,襯托出南方奴隸社會和諧一面。
    費茲修的中心概念是「為了保護弱者,我們必須先奴役他們」。奴隸主身為優勢的一方必定要進行某種程度的社會控制以尋求社會安穩,為了自身與社會的利益制定理性的法律。社會必須執行保護社會成員的義務,必須為了整體的利益而制定某程度的限制,犧牲某部分的自由。費茲修所熱愛的奴隸制度,是美國南方特有的種植園奴隸制度,是屬於父權主義(paternalism)的一種溫和式的專制主義。奴隸等同於奴隸主之財產依附在其之下,才是對奴隸是最有利益的事;而奴隸面對奴隸主的態度也如同孩童面對其監護人一般。
    Both the North and the South in America were arguing over the problem of the existence of slavery in the middle 1800s. George Fitzhugh, passionate and aggressive, was an advocate of the slavery. He thought the Free Society, especially in the North, was an absolute failure indeed. He is still not a somebody nowadays because the Northern victory in the Civil War. However, his name has been written in American history for his pro-slavery theory.
    He has two important publications. One is “Sociology For The South or the Failure of Free Society”(1854). The other one is “Cannibals All! or Slaves without Masters”(1857), which came soon after the first one he had made. In order to slam the evil side of Free society of the North, Fitzhugh represented himself precisely and accurately with the harmony in the South. “slavery comes first because of protecting them.” Was his centre idea. Masters, gaining the upper hand, must have some controls in progress for the steady society, and for the national law in society profit and for themselves as well.
    Protecting its members should be preformed by the society, and there are some limits which should be done by the sacrifice of some freedom. The southern slavery which Fitzhugh loved so much is called the special plantation, which belongs to some kinds of moderate paternalism. It’s profitable when slaves are attached to their owner’s property. The slaves, likewise, are under somewhat children custody of their parents.
    Appears in Collections:[Graduate Institute of American Studies] Thesis

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