法國觀光政策之研究 : 以法國阿爾卑斯滑雪觀光地為例

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Title:	法國觀光政策之研究 : 以法國阿爾卑斯滑雪觀光地為例
Other Titles:	A study of the tourism policy of France-skiing place in the Alpes mountain area
Authors:	林羿宏;Lin, I-hung
Contributors:	淡江大學歐洲研究所碩士班苑倚曼;Yuan, Yi-mond
Keywords:	法國;觀光;政策;旅客;SWOT 分析模式理論;旅遊市場;France;tourism;policy;tourist;SWOT;tourism market
Date:	2006
Issue Date:	2010-01-11 00:03:41 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	歐盟在整合成功之後，並且在2004 年新加入10 個新的會員國之後，根據世界觀光組織的估計，全新整合的歐盟地區的觀光入境人數和收益都即將佔全世界的50﹪。整合後的歐盟觀光市場已經成為全世界最大的觀光市場，而觀光業對於歐盟來說，不只是一個社會福利的貢獻者，更是歐盟很重要的國民生產總值的來源。2005 年歐盟主要的觀光國家除了法國（世界觀光收益第三，40.8 億美元）之外，其它包括西班牙（世界觀光收益第二，45.2 億美元）、義大利（世界觀光收益第四，35.7 億美元）、德國（世界觀光收益第五，27.7 億美元）、英國（世界觀光收益第六，27.3 億美元）。法國目前是全世界旅遊人次最高的國家，2005 年共接待7,500 萬遊客，全世界觀光旅遊收入第三高的國家，其次為西班牙和美國。法國觀光業的成功歸功於法國中央、地方政府、旅遊部門組織通力合作的結果，再加上法國政府制定許多的政策且精確研究分析國內外的旅遊市場，將在本論文中一一介紹。最後，本論文也透過法國阿爾卑斯地區發展觀光滑雪地案例的探討（2005 年法國滑雪觀光客共計接待了800 萬滑雪者，其中有200 萬外國人），反映法國政府深耕地區旅遊的模式，並用SWOT分析模式理論來說明阿爾卑斯地區滑雪地的優勢（Strength）、弱點（Weakness）、機會（Opportunity）和威脅（Threat）。借由法國觀光業的剖析盼能替未來台灣的觀光業做一面借鏡，提供其成功的經驗，來促進國內觀光活動的蓬勃發展。 According to the estimation of the world tourism organization, after integrated and joined with 10 new members countries, the tourist amount and profit margin of the whole new European Union shall reach 50% of the world. The European market has already become the world’s largest tourism market. For EU, the tourism industry is not only a distributor to the social welfare, but also an important source of the GDP. In year 2005, the major tourism industry countries in EU except France (World rank 3 for the Tourism industry profit, US dollar 4.08 billion ), others including Spain (World rank 2 for the Tourism industry profit, US dollar 4.52 billion ), Italy (World rank 4 for the Tourism industry profit, US dollar 3.57 billion ), German (World rank 5 for the Tourism industry profit, US dollar 2.77 billion ), the Great Britan (World rank 6 f o r t h e T o u r i sm i n d u s t r y p r o f i t , US d o l l a r 2 . 7 3 b i l l i o n ) The France is now most visited country in the world, visited by 75 millions of tourists in 2005, tourism income ranking 3rd in the world, followed by Spain and America. The credit of the success of the tourism industry belongs to the cooperation of the central and regional government and travel department, plus the French government has establish many policies and made accurate research and analysis to the internal and external tourism market, these shall be presented in this essay. At last, we shall have a discussion in this essay regarding the case of skiing place in the Alpes mountain area (there are 8 million skiers in France, 2 million among them are foreigners), to reflect the pattern of the French Government promoting the regional travel, also using the SWOT theory to clarify the Strength, Weakness, Opportunity, and Threat of the skiing place in the Alpes mountain area to promote the d e v e l o p m e n t o f i n t e r n a l t o u r i s m i n T a i w a n .
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