本文從新自由主義的觀點出發，首先探討京都議定書之內容及發展，另綜觀國際社會及美國對其重視程度，再針對歐盟為實踐議定書所制定的政策與機制作一介紹，其次以英國與德國為例，探討其因應歐盟所制定之氣候變遷政策；最後分析歐盟在京都議定書等相關議題的擬定過程中，與國際社會的角力，藉以了解歐盟的執行行動與影響。 Human’s demand and consumption on the nature resources have increased since the Industrial Revolution, which has caused severe damages to the Earth and a contraction of biological diversity. In the end of the 19th century, the international environment regime formed. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change was ratified by 194 countries and entered into force in 1994. The Kyoto Protocol was adopted in the third conference of the parties in 1997, which stipulated the greenhouse gas emissions of the industrial countries in the future. Since the Kyoto Protocol entered into force, all the Parties have to comply with it, including the European Union and its member states.
This thesis is analyzed with “neoliberal institutionalism”. First, it introduces the content and the development of the United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change and the Kyoto Protocol, and then discusses positions of the mainly international groups and the US toward it. Furthermore, it aims at the European Union’s policy and strategy to deal with the climate change, and takes Britain and Germany as the example. Finally, this thesis makes a conclusion with the effects of the European Union on the Kyoto Protocol.
