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    题名: 日本通信業界のイノベーション : IP電話を中心として
    其它题名: The innovation of Japanese telecommunication industry : focusing on the IP telephone
    日本通信業界的創新 : 以IP電話為中心
    作者: 胡瓊文;Hu, Chiung-wen
    贡献者: 淡江大學日本研究所碩士班
    蔡錫勲;Tsai, Hsi-hsun
    关键词: 破壞性創新;持續性創新;IP電話;sustaining innovation;disruptive innovation;IP telephone;持続的イノベーション;破壊的イノベーション;IP電話
    日期: 2006
    上传时间: 2010-01-10 23:56:17 (UTC+8)
    摘要:  創新是這幾年最熱門的話題。企業因創新力的實現,得以將既存製品的性能提高,並且藉由新客戶的開發,提升公司的收益及股價,強化在世界各國中的競爭力。因此,創新對企業而言,具有左右公司成敗的能力。
      通信業也不例外。因為規制放寬促進新興產業的形成,提升企業間競爭的關係,也因此促使創新的不斷產生。從通信業的技術創新來看,因技術達到飛躍性地發展,由最初的普通電話機開始,進而提升自動交換機的性能、按鍵式電話機的普及,再來是傳真機、ISDN等數據通信與移動式行動電話、PHS的相繼登場等,通信業的創新是無所不在的。
    縱使如此,其採用交換機的基本結構是不變的。因此在這創新的過程中,立於優位的往往是既存企業,這也是克里斯汀生教授所謂的,持續性創新。然而,近年來帶給通信業界極大衝擊的是IP電話技術的發明。其主因是,IP電話與既有的電話結構完全不同、不必經過交換機,只要透過網路即可達到通話的效果。並且不分距離、時間,費用是採用定額制,因此對企業來說,是個極具魅力、又節省成本的商品,這正是所謂的破壞性創新。
    IP電話技術的發明,造就了許多新興通信業者的興起,對長期以電話收益為主的既有通信業者來說,這無非是巨大威脅。在這破壞性創新的過程中,既有業者要如何保有一貫的優勢,就成為當務之急。因此,本論文以既有企業-NTT為研究對象,探討NTT在面臨新興企業及新技術創新威脅時,其所採取的對策及因應方針並且是否能維持今後的領導者地位為主要目的。
    The buzz word these recent years in the business arena is innovation. Through the powers of innovation, enterprises are able to elevate the quality of their products to greater heights, thereby expanding their customer base, increasing revenues and strengthening their competitiveness internationally. As such, it is not an overstatement to say that the survival of an enterprise is dependent on its creative innovations.
    The same applies in the communications industry. As rules and regulations become relaxed, the competition among enterprises becomes keener. This results in an explosion and continuation of innovation. Looking back at the communications industry and its major leap in innovative development through the years, we see the initial telephone upgraded to an automatic switchboard system, the popularization of the push-phone, the invention of the facsimile, cellular mobile phones, ISDN, PHS and much more. The potential of innovation is limitless.
    Nevertheless, the basic structure of the PBX switchboard system in these innovations remains unchanged. Therefore, in the process of innovation, it is often the case that existing enterprises are in the lead. This, in essence, is also what Professor Christensen called sustaining innovation. On the other hand, one of the greatest innovations in recent years is the invention of IP telephone technology. The main reason being that the IP telephone, which has a different structure from that of a normal telephone, transmits through the internet and does not need a PBX system to work. Furthermore, the fact that it is not restricted by distance, time and that usage charges are based on a fixed quantity system, lends itself to being an amazing and cost-efficient form of telecommunication. This is what we call disruptive innovation.
    The invention of the IP telephone technology has stirred up the interests of many emerging businesses in the communication industry which are eyeing the profitable prospects of this technology in the long-term. In the process of this disruptive innovation, the immediate question is how existing enterprises keep their lead. Therefore, the main objective of this thesis, using NTT, an existing enterprise, as its focus, is to discuss the threats and challenges encountered by NTT in innovative development, as well as the measures taken by NTT and finally, its ability to maintain its position in the market.
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