本研究以薩爾瓦杜恰幫為案例,來探討美國的幫派問題。以犯罪學裡論中的副文化理論(Subculture Theory)及族裔接替理論(Ethnic Succession Theory)來解釋 MS-13的形成背影因素及其發展,從犯罪學理論的觀點切入本文。並探討造成美國拉丁裔幫派問題嚴重的原因為何?而美國為打擊幫派所制定的政策有哪些及其成效如何? 最後,再根據各項打擊幫派政策,檢視美國犯罪率是否因為這些政策的施行受到控制,及其成功與失敗的原因。 In U.S., Las Angeles is the crime capital with many crime actions. In recent year, Latin gangs arise because of the convenience of geography. And it’s become a serious problem. Mara Salvatrucha is one of the violent Latin Gangs in 1990’s. Some of its members are Salvadoran immigrants who were influenced by El Salvadoran civil war; and some of them are members of the conflict between the government and the guerrilla. Based on the background of military group, taking MS-13 to higher level of violence. MS-13 spreads over 40 states of U.S., even influence Central America badly, specially, Honduras, El Salvador, Guatemala, and Mexico.
This thesis talks about the gang problem through the case of Mara Salvatrucha. And use Subculture Theory and Ethnic Succession Theory as my approach to explain this phenomenon of Gang. To analyze the reason why Latin gang’s problems are so serious in U.S. Because of the bad public security, there are many anti-gang policies. The police try their best to solve the problem but the outcome is not so good. This thesis also focuses on the failures of anti-gang policies and discusses the way to improve the society.