中共「十七大」後對臺政策之研究

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题名:	中共「十七大」後對臺政策之研究
其它题名:	A study on CCP's policy toward Taiwan after 17th session of national people's congress
作者:	陳革印;Chen, Ke-yin
贡献者:	淡江大學中國大陸研究所碩士在職專班潘錫堂;Pan, His-tang;龔春生;Gong, Chun-sheng
关键词:	政策;大陸政策;中共對台政策;一國兩制;國家利益;policy;Mainland China Policy;The Policy of Chinese Communist Party toward Taiwan;One country two system;National Interest
日期:	2008
上传时间:	2010-01-10 23:35:21 (UTC+8)
摘要:	中共總書記胡錦濤在「十七」大政治報告中，首度將「兩岸簽署和平協議」寫進黨正式檔，這不僅是中共國家領導人的首次，也是胡錦濤為未來兩岸關係定下指導性框架，而這很可能影響未來五年、十年，甚至更長時間兩岸的政治互動，意義不容小覷，在所謂「穩定壓倒一切」的考量下，他們的對台政策，基本上仍然是「江規胡隨」，保持「一個中國」、「和平統一、一國兩制」的政策而無重大改變，但他武力犯台的陰謀則從未放棄，一直是伺機而動，始終威脅著整個台灣的國家安全。中共當局對台灣，仍是以「和、戰」兩手策略來交互運用。換言之，亦即「武力統一」與「和平統一」相結合，從第一代領導人毛澤東、周恩來，第二代鄧小平，第三代江澤民，到第四代的胡錦濤，他們的對台政策均未改變，即使在中共「十七大」以後依然持續。在對台政策的內涵上，「十七大」以後總的來說，仍然是堅持「一個中國」、「和平統一、一國兩制」、「維持兩岸關係穩定」及「促進兩岸經濟交流」的基礎上，並透過「內外兼施」及「軟硬兩手」為遂行策略，以期達成前述的政策目標。胡錦濤仍是遵循江澤民時期的對台政策路線，其後隨著其權力的逐漸鞏固與面對台灣內部日漸高漲的台獨意識，如「一邊一國論」、「公投」、「制憲」與「正名」等的提出，促使中共新一代領導人在對台政策上作了一些策略上的調整，除了提出對台工作的四個「決不」，包括堅持一個中國原則決不妥協、爭取和平統一的努力決不放棄、貫徹寄希望於台灣人民的方針決不改變、及反對台獨活動決不妥協；顯示胡錦濤主政下的中共高層，已形成一套完整的對台戰略戰術方針，不受台海形勢影響而左支右絀，本文認為，北京當局若能確實理解台灣人民對自由民主和平的重視，重新檢討「一國兩制」的對台統戰政策，從實際出發，求同存異，兩岸關係將可展現穩定發展的和平前景。 In the 17th National People’s Congress among the heavy political report, for the first time '' two sides sign the peace agreement '' write into the formal shelf of the party Hwu Jin-Tao, the General Secretary of the Communist Party of China, this is not only the first time of a state leader of the Communist Party of China, but also Hwu Jin-Tao fixes the guidance frame for the cross-Straits relations in the future, and this will most likely influence the following five years, ten years, even the politics on two sides is interdynamic for more time, the meaning does not allow and look small.Even though there is no significant change on its “one China” and “one country two systems” policies, China has not yet renounced invasion of Taiwan by force and is still preparing for such action in suitable timing, and, as a result, remains a grave threat to the national security of Taiwan. We can reach a conclusion from the past developments and relevant research materials that ever since the separation of the two sides of Taiwan Straits, the Chinese regime has always played a double strategy of “war and peace”, i.e. a combination of “unification by force” and “peaceful unification.” No matter who is the Chinese leader, Mao Ze-Dong and Zou En-Lai of the first generation, or Deng Xiao-Ping of the second generation, or Jian Ze-Ming of the third generation, or Hwu Jin-Tao of the fourth generation, or even after the 17th National People’s Congress, this double strategy remains unchanged.In general, China’s Taiwan policy after the 17th National People’s Congress is based on the following principles: the adherence to the “One China” principle, “peaceful unification” and “one country two system”, maintenance of the stability of cross straits relations, and enhancement of economic exchanges across the Straits. It adopts strategies of pressuring from both inside and outside and playing “carrot and stick” trick, in the pursuit to achieve the ultimate goal mentioned above. During the initial stage of Hwu Jin-Tao period, he still followed Jian Ze-Ming’s policy toward Taiwan. Afterwards, what made China’s new leader adjust strategies toward Taiwan was that he consolidated his regime increasingly and faced the internal independence of Taiwan getting rampant, for example, it proposed “One Side One Country,” “Referendum,” “Founding a new Constitution,” and “Amending the official name of Taiwan.” Hu Pronounced four “Nos” toward Taiwan, including “not to change One China Policy,” “not to give up the pursuit of peaceful unification,” “not to change the expectation relying on Taiwan people,” and “not to compromise on activities in support Taiwan’s independence.” In addition, The Communist Party of China under is on the senior level to head the administration to show Hwu Jin-Tao, have already formed a set of intact ones to a strategy and tactics policy, is free of situation of the Taiwan Straits but find it hand to cover expenses.the peaceful future across the Taiwan Strait would come in a stable way, should the regime in Beijing seriously consider the craving of people on Taiwan for freedom, democracy and peace, and revisit the policy of “one country, two systems” as its measure of “united front” strategy toward Taiwan. It was urged that the differences across the both sides of the Taiwan Strait should be recognized and commonality must be found, and the realistic actions should be made possible.
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