| Abstract: | 本論文主要係針對中共制定通過「反分裂國家法」進行研究。主要的研究範圍自2002年11月中共「十六大」召開，由胡錦濤繼任成為中共第四代領導人以來，到「反分裂國家法」公佈後至今的兩岸關係。
兩岸關係與大陸政策一直以來都是兩岸政府間最為複雜的政策領域，也是攸關台灣未來發展方向的重要因素，特別是中共認為陳水扁政府對「一個中國」問題始終採取模糊與迴避的態度，再加以島內「台獨」氣焰日漸高張，隨著陳水扁總統提出「一邊一國」、「公投」、「制憲」與「正名」，促使大陸對臺政策也開始起了重大的變化，而「反分裂國家法」的提出原因即在此。
多年來，大陸對臺政策之表述均停留在政府聲明、領導人的講話或外交部門重要政策宣示層面，「反分裂國家法」的提出，讓兩岸關係進入了一個嶄新的階段，除了將中共對臺政策一貫堅持的「一個中國」原則「法律化」，有效的遏制〝法理台獨〞，堅定的將反對台獨分裂意識上升為國家總體意識之外，更為中共對臺政策宣示提供立法支持和法理依據。因此，「反分裂國家法」與胡錦濤主席先前所提出發展兩岸關係的「四點意見」，是體現中共新一代集體領導的新政策與新思維，是未來中共對臺政策基本方針，也是提供中共維護台海與兩岸和平強有力的法律武器。
「反分裂國家法」是針對台灣而來，我們要如何看待中共制定「反分裂國家法」與以往對臺政策有何異同之處，要如何看待「反分裂國家法」所帶給台灣社會的挑戰，如何掌握兩岸關係與台海和平所產生的結構性的變化，以及台灣社會又應該採取何種政策立場以為因應，都是本論文研究的最大動機與目的。最後，針對兩岸關係的走向、兩岸重啟對話與交流的可能性與未來兩岸關係的發展道路提出可行的發展方向。
The thesis is based on the research of 「Anti-secession law」enacted by China. Cross-strait relation is the main scope of this research that covers the time from Nov.2002－ Hu inherited the 4th leader of China at 16th National Representatives Convention－to the present after 「Anti-Secession Law」was announced.
Cross-strait relation and policy towards China are always being the most sophisticated political issues between China and Taiwan, as well as being the significant factors that determine the direction of Taiwanese future. China, in particular, thought that Taiwanese government’s altitude towards “One-China Policy” is ambiguous and avoid discussing the issue all the time; furthermore, the pursuit of independence on this island is getting rampant. As President Chen Shui-Bian proposed “One Side One Country,” “Referendum,” “Founding a new Constitution,” and “Amending the official name of Taiwan,” which make Mainland China begin to shift its policy toward Taiwan significantly. These are the reasons why China posed the 「Anti-Secession Law」.
For many years, China’s description of policy towards Taiwan merely exists in the government’s statement, leader’s speeches, or in the important announcement of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs in China. The Anti-Secession Law sheds a new light on the cross-strait relation. It not only is a legislated One-China Policy insisted by China in policy towards Taiwan, but also effectively restrains the legal independence in Taiwan, firmly upgrading the consciousness of anti-secession onto national-level consciousness; moreover, it offers China a law-based support on policy towards Taiwan.
Therefore,「Anti-Secession Law」as well as Four Opinions, posed by chairman Hu in order to develop cross-strait relation, embodies a new policy and a new thinking of the Chinese new generation leadership, and is the keynote of policy towards Taiwan in the future, acting as a powerful and legal weapon to maintain the peace between China and Taiwan.
It is obvious that Anti-Secession Law is enacted against Taiwan, so how we treat the difference of Mainland China’s policy towards Taiwan before and after instituting this law, how we face the challenge caused by it in our society, how to manage the constructive change resulted form cross-strait relation and the peace across the strait, and which policy should Taiwanese adopt as a response. All of the above are the chief motives and purposes of this research paper. At last, the paper will propose some feasible directions in connection with the trend of cross-strait relation, the possibility of re-initiating cross-strait communication, and the development of cross-strait relation in the future. |
