中國人民武裝警察部隊之軍事角色

淡江大學機構典藏 > 國際事務學院 > 中國大陸研究所 > 學位論文 > Item 987654321/30183

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题名:	中國人民武裝警察部隊之軍事角色
其它题名:	The military role of the PRC's people's armed police force
作者:	余連發;Yu, Lian-fa
贡献者:	淡江大學中國大陸研究所碩士在職專班張五岳;Chang, Wu-ueh
关键词:	憲兵;人民武裝警察;武裝力量;軍事角色;Military police;the police;People’s Armed Police Force;paramilitary force;military role
日期:	2006
上传时间:	2010-01-10 23:26:05 (UTC+8)
摘要:	基於軍事專業熱情與敏銳度，凜於知識對軍事的影響，欲以軍事實務為基礎，作學術「科際整合」提升本職學能。因服務於國軍憲兵，觀察多國憲兵後，警覺中共似無「憲兵」，經參研後了解中共擔負民主國家憲兵角色的是「武警」部隊，故選擇「中國人民武裝警察部隊之軍事角色」為碩士在職專班論文題目。民主國家「武裝力量」係指陸、海、空軍而非「警察」，警察維護治安，戰時協助維持社會秩序，何需「武裝警察」？研究中共「武警」以「警察」為觀察基礎，在法規體制、指揮節度、武器系統、訓練強度等方面似毋須凸出「武裝」。然而，中共「武警」強調「武裝」，其功能結構應有軍事價值，欲釐清此問題即研究動機與目的。本文擬採「歷史研究途徑」，運用文獻分析法，併用角色及互動理論等概念架構探討中共「武警」，因身分及資料等限制，致使本文僅能提出初步的心得。第二章歸納「武警」的建立與發展，就八次重要變遷研析其性質，並以現代化為中心、體制、近期建設等，整合中共「武警」的全般概念。第三章則對「武警」作「軍事角色」的理論探索，著眼於建設發展需要「理論」，而以「角色行為」理論及「軍事」專業性質，對「武警」軍事角色進行初步推測。第四章就「武警」與軍事做比較，以「武警」強調「特色」，相對於警察功能，再對照法國體制、將「武警」與公安對比，另以「超限戰」、系統論及知識軍事等觀點以及「武警」的改進作為描述中共「武警」具有軍事功能。描述理論與現況後，以政軍觀點切入，就軍警同源等看法，論證「武警」的軍事角色並綜述「武警」的軍事性。第六章研整「武警」具軍事性的活動，以「年度規劃工作；軍事演訓型態；具軍事功能訓練；「武警」反恐、信息化訓練及其他動態」證明「武警」確有軍事潛能，並就戰力簡評，判斷「武警」轉型即是軍隊。結論表述研析心得，認為中共「武警」有「特殊性」：就發展功能言，中共「武警」是爲「黨」的執政而編設；就組織特性言，兼有「軍事」與「警察」雙重性，職能任務有複雜性、管理有複合性；中共「武警」若強化裝備及結構整合，其戰力並無限制；中共「武警」與共軍密不可分，且能夠執行軍事任務，系屬同源，同為政治工具；就知識軍事言，將中共「武警」部隊專業化，發展成為正規軍絕非難事；在未來軍事運用時，不排除中共「武警」以「準軍事武力」的警察「處理內政」為藉口的可能，爲排除國際援助，而以軍事角色介入台海衝突。研究發現：中共「武警」量大性質複雜，不宜參照。中共「武警」存在「指揮矛盾、救災影響戰力、後勤持續力差、缺乏理論支撐」等制約因素。綜合研判中共「武警」編訓不斷更迭，具發展性；「緊急狀態法」可使「武警」特殊化，而利用兼具警察的特殊身份，使外力支援師出無名；未來犯台時，是否以「準軍事武力處理內政」為藉口，作為排除國際勢力干預「台海」衝突的理由，深值重視。 Based on my enthusiasm and keen sense for military matters, and my awareness of the impact of knowledge on military matters, I would like to use the foundation of military practices to enhance military studies through interdisciplinary integration. Having served in the ROC’s military police, after studying military police systems of various countries, I noted that the People’s Republic of China (PRC) has no military police units, at least in name, in its military forces. After reading a number of reports, I realized that “People’s Armed Police Force” units in the People’s Liberation Army (PLA) serve functions similar to those of military police in the militaries of democratic nations, so I chose “The Military Role of Chinese People’s Armed Police Force” as the topic of my master’s thesis. In democratic countries, the term “military” generally refers to the armed forces and is comprised of the Army, the Navy, and the Air Force. It does not include the regular police which are mainly responsible for maintaining internal security and possibly assisting in the maintenance of social order in times of war. Regular police forces in democratic countries would never be used as armed forces. The idea of being “armed” is not a conspicuous characteristic of regular police forces, whether in regard to law and regulations, system, chain of command, equipment, or training. The Armed Police Force of the PRC, however, although based on the concept of a regular police force, can be better characterized by the term “armed” in terms of capabilities, functions, and structure. The name of the organization itself “Armed Police Force” is evidence that the PRC stresses the military structure and function of this unit. The motivation and purpose of this study is to investigate this issue. This study employs historical research methods and document analysis combined with concepts such as role and interactive theories to examine the PRC’s Armed Police Force. Due to certain limitations such as my position and data availability, I am only able to offer preliminary findings in this study. Chapter 2 covers the establishment and development of the Armed Police Force, analyzes the nature of the eight major reforms that the Armed Police Force underwent, and integrates the overall concept of the PRC Armed Police Force in terms of its modernization, structure, and recent infrastructure. Chapter 3 looks into the theory of the military role of the Armed Police Force. Focusing on the fact that infrastructural development requires theoretical foundations, this chapter carries out preliminary investigation into the Armed Police Force’s military role based on role behavior theory and military specialization. Chapter 4 compares the Armed Police Force and the military, stressing the special characteristics of the Armed Police Force. In terms of the function of police force, it carries out investigation and contrasts the French system and PRC’s Public Security with the PRC’s Armed Police Force. This chapter further probes into such issues as going-beyond-limits warfare, system theory and knowledge-based military and improvements of the Armed Police Force to show that the Armed Police Force has a military function. After discussing the theory and status of the Armed Police Force, this study focuses on the political and military perspectives and the idea that the police and the military derive from a common source to verify the military nature of the Armed Police Force. Chapter 6 describes the military activities of the Armed Police Force and illustrates the military potential of the Armed Police Force with its annual planning, training through military exercises, anti-terrorists, IT training, and other dynamics. It also evaluates the military capability of the Armed Police Force to show that the Armed Police Force can be transformed into a military force. The conclusion of this study shows that the PRC’s Armed Police Force has special functions. In terms of development, the Armed Police Force was created to aid the party in ruling the country. In terms of organization, it plays a dual role of military and police forces. It is a complex organism in terms of tasks and management. If the PRC’s Armed Police Force were to enhance its equipment and structure, it would be unlimited in terms of battle capability. The PRC’s Armed Police Force is inseparable from the PLA and is capable of carrying out military missions. Both organizations derive from the same source, and are both political tools. As to the knowledge-based military, the PRC’s Armed Police Force is undergoing specialization, so that it can easily transform into a regular military force. When used in future military confrontation, we can not rule out the possibility that the Armed Police Force will be used to maintain “internal order” in the role of a paramilitary force to prevent military aid to Taiwan in the event of a military conflict in the Taiwan Strait. The large size and complexity of the PRC’s Armed Police Force makes research difficult. The Armed Police Force is faced with such problems as conflicting command systems, disaster rescue missions influencing battle capability, poor logistics sustainability, and lack of theoretical support. This study shows that the PRC’s Armed Police Force fluctuates a great deal in terms of organization and training. The idea that the special role of the Armed Police Force under the PRC’s Contingency Status Law gives the PRC a pretext to launch any future military action against Taiwan while precluding intervention by other nations in a cross strait''s conflagration is more than worth studying.
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