從振興東北老工業基地論中共區域經濟發展策略

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Title:	從振興東北老工業基地論中共區域經濟發展策略
Other Titles:	The study on PRC's strategy of district economic development from the perspective of reinvigorting the outdated north-eastern industrial base
Authors:	方正;Fang, Cheng
Contributors:	淡江大學中國大陸研究所碩士在職專班潘錫堂;Pan, His-tang
Keywords:	振興東北;東北老工業基地;區域經濟;市場經濟;計畫經濟;Reinvigorating North-Eastern Region;The Outdated North-Eastern Regional Industry Base;regional economy;Market economy;planned economy
Date:	2007
Issue Date:	2010-01-10 23:25:18 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	中共於1949年建立政權後，為因應各種政經形勢，在不同時期規劃出不同的發展戰略，1978年鄧小平主導改革開放政策後，二十多年來中國大陸的經濟成長交出令人驚訝的成績單，但在高速經濟成長背後，中國大陸面臨了許多嚴重的問題，其中區域發展差距的日益擴大，不但關係到中國大陸未來的經濟發展，更關係到中共政權的維持；東北地區素被稱為“共和國長子”，是中共建政後第一個施行計畫經濟體制的地區，1978年後，隨著社會主義市場經濟體制改革不斷深化，東北地區喪失原有發展優勢，經濟地位逐年下滑，持續的經濟衰退，讓東北地區出現了許多複雜難解的問題，針對長期以來威脅政局和社會穩定的區域發展失衡問題，化解經濟衰退所造成的社會不安，更為了吸納下一波中國經濟發展的養分，2003年「振興東北老工業基地」正式成為中共官方重大經濟發展戰略，本論文係以中共區域經濟發展歷史為基礎，探討中共區域經濟發展歷程，各領導人主政時期區域經濟政策制定之考量因素與成效、振興東北老工業基地政策形成背景、目的，以及在中共區域經濟發展策略中扮演的角色；並以振興東北老工業基地政策實施前後之經濟數據比較，運用經濟發展指標（含：國內生產總值、人均所得、對外貿易投資、引進外資）、社會發展指標（含：人力資源、就業人口）、產業體制變遷指標（含：產業結構發展、不同所有制比重）等三大指標，來呈現經濟發展的實際成效，探討其政策成效、衍生問題與未來展望。 Abstract： After it’s regime establishment in 1949, the Chinese Communist Party regime has formulated strategies for development in different periods of time to handle various political and economic situations. After the implementation of Deng Xiao-ping’s Reform and Open policy in 1978, the economic growth of Mainland China in the past two decades has achieved astonishing performance. However, behind the rapid economic growth, Mainland China also encountered many grave problems. Among them, the increasingly expanded development gap between regions has not only affected the future economic development of Mainland China but also threatened the existence of the Chinese Communist Party regime. The North-Eastern Region of Mainland China has long been regarded as “The Eldest Son of the Republic” which was the first region where the planned economic system was implemented after the establishment of the Chinese Communist Party regime. After 1978, with the constant realization of the reform of market economic system of the Socialism, the North-Eastern Region has already lost its inherent development advantages and faced with declination of economic superiority as well as continuous economic deterioration, which has led to a number of complicated and knotty problems. In order to solve the long-existing unbalance of regional development which threats the political and social stability, alleviate the social disorder resulted from economic deterioration and, furthermore, absorb the nutrition for the next wave of economic development, the “ Reinvigorating the Outdated North-Eastern Industrial Base” policy in 2003 has officially become the vital economic development strategy of the Chinese Communist Party regime. This thesis uses the history of the regional economic development of Mainland China as foundation in its efforts to explore the phases of the regional economic development of Mainland China, the considered factors in formulating regional economic policies under different government leaders and the results of those policies, the background and objective of the “ Reinvigorating the Outdated North-Eastern Industrial Base” policy and the policy’s role in the overall regional economic development strategy implemented by the Chinese Communist Party regime. In addition, in comparing the economic data and statistics before and after the implementation of “Reinvigorating the Outdated North-Eastern Regional Industry Base” policy, this thesis also looks into the success and failure, caused problems and future prospects of the said policy by employing the following three major indexes so as to exhibit the actual effect of economic development: Economic Development Index (including GNP, income per capita, investment for foreign trade, introduction of foreign capital), Social Development Index (including human resources, employment population), System Variation Index (including industrial structure development, percentage of different ownership system).
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