The ecological fantasy : a study of Tolkien's the lord of the rings and Le Guin's earthsea series

機構典藏 > College of Foreign Languages and Literature > Graduate Institute & Department of English > Thesis > Item 987654321/29970

Please use this identifier to cite or link to this item: https://tkuir.lib.tku.edu.tw/dspace/handle/987654321/29970

Title:	The ecological fantasy : a study of Tolkien's the lord of the rings and Le Guin's earthsea series
Other Titles:	生態奇幻文學 : 探討托爾金的《魔戒》和勒瑰恩的《地海》系列
Authors:	羅美文;Lo, Mei-wen
Contributors:	淡江大學英文學系博士班林耀福;Lin, Yao-fu
Keywords:	奇幻文學;地方意識;土地倫理;女性生態主義;他者;野性;平衡;fantasy;Sense of Place;land ethic;ecofeminism;Other;equilibrium
Date:	2009
Issue Date:	2010-01-10 23:14:18 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	由於人類大量生產有害環境的物質，導致全球各地生態環境日趨惡化，大自然反撲的現象不斷出現，除了人類本身，各種生態物種的生存條件也變得非常嚴峻。在生物學、環境學、政治學、人文等各個不同領域的專家不斷挺身呼籲之下，人們終於開始逐漸反省人與自然的關係，不該只是從大自然中剝取人們需要的資源，而應從整體生態體系思考如何維續自然的平衡。在文學方面，近幾年來奇幻文學作品在世界各地掀起一波波的熱潮，從星際大戰、羅琳的《哈利波特》到托爾金的《魔戒》都被翻拍成電影，形成一股流行文化現象。不論是成人或兒童，都可能被奇幻文學這特殊的文類所吸引，尤其有些奇幻文學作者試圖以這種文類中的另一個神話世界般的故事，來反映現實社會的缺失，促使讀者重新檢視人與自然、人與社會、人與人之間的相處模式，呼籲不再以人類為發展中心，重建人與大地萬物的關係、親近自然、尊重生態多樣性。　　本篇論文以托爾金的魔戒三部曲和勒瑰恩的地海系列這兩部奇幻文學經典為探討文本，著眼於作者如何透過所建構的幻想世界呈現他們的生態意識。首先是分析文類的功用。托爾金和勒瑰恩皆以奇幻文學為媒介創造充滿中古神話色彩的世界，傳遞對鄉土的懷舊之情；並引導讀者改變人們看世界的觀點，進而改善人與世界的關係。第一章中土世界之旅，探討魔戒的中土地景；其所呈現的生態多樣化，如哈比人的夏爾及其地方意識、樹鬚、法貢森林、羅斯洛立安和魔多城等。應用托爾金所提到的：恢復、隱匿、慰藉三層次來看《魔戒》中的土地倫理觀。第二章地海之旅，先是分析勒瑰恩的地海特色，其次是巫師主角如何因語言力量從孤立到重回自然的歷程。之後以女性生態主義觀點分析女性角色的轉變，探討女性與自然在被男性主導的社會如何生存，並比較勒瑰恩和托爾金創作上的不同。第三章則同時討論兩位作者所描述的生態危機和發生的原因，托爾金是藉由樹鬚和索倫的對比，而勒瑰恩藉由地海世界的失衡來呈現。第四章以米克的喜劇精神，探討主角們從離家-冒險-返家的旅途過程中如何得到心靈啟示並重返家園，重新和自然共生共存。最後，兩位作者皆以主角們的行動參與，提醒讀者應積極面對未來日益嚴重的生態危機。　　A great deal of ecological literature tries to eliminate the separation of humans from their ecosystem, to reconnect the reader to an awareness that humans are intimately connected to the world, and not simply objective bystanders. J. R. R. Tolkien’s The Lord of the Rings trilogy and Ursula K. Le Guin’s The Earthsea Series are generally considered milestones in the genre of fantasy fiction. Both writers try to use the fantasy narrative to conceive a new paradigm for environmental ethics. In this dissertation shows how the ecological fantasies of Le Guin and Tolkien not only reflect the changing relationships between culture and the cosmos, but also exemplifies a way to live a meaningful and fulfilling life in an era of ecological crisis. 　　The first “adventure” is into the world of Middle-earth. In his landscape narrative, Tolkien’s sense of place comes through strongly and the interrelationship between the natural world and the characters display his ecological message—recovery, escape and consolation to the readers. The second adventure is into the world of Earthsea. The focus is on the moral dialectic emerging form the lands, people, and events of Earthsea. The discussion is divided into into three main parts: the landscape of Earthsea; the act of naming the world, and finally witches, wives and dragons in the Earthsea. The third adventure chapter focuses on the descriptions of the ecological crisis in Middle-earth and Earthsea, Threebeard, Saruman and uses balance as an “operational” term The fourth journey undertaken analyzes the how the central characters’ move out and away from the world of Middle-earth (the Land home) and that of Earthsea (the Sea home), to the place of their adventures in the forest, city or sea, followed by their return home to the harmonious earth, to the land/sea. The main characters undergo a similar experience, and through them both writers transmit an ecological message, which is the key to the survival of our own world.
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute & Department of English] Thesis

Files in This Item:

File	Size	Format
	0Kb	Unknown	356	View/Open

Loading...