我國自來水市場解除管制可行性之研究

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Title:	我國自來水市場解除管制可行性之研究
Authors:	虞國興;康世芳;胡名雯
Contributors:	淡江大學水資源及環境工程學系;淡江大學產業經濟學系
Keywords:	自來水;市場;解除管制;獨占;民營化;Tap Water;Market;Deregulation;Monopoly;Privatization
Date:	2003
Issue Date:	2009-11-30 18:04:08 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	臺北市：行政院公平交易委員會
Abstract:	為配合政府檢討自來水事業民營化第一階段工作之解除管制，本研究以省水公司與北水處為對象，探討「我國自來水市場解除管制可行性」。研究結果顯示，國內主要二個自來水事業單位為台灣省自來水股份有限公司(省水公司)及台北自來水事業處(北水處) ,其組織型態相異，分屬國營會之公司法人及台北市政府一級事業機關。北水處須經台北市議會同意且自來水事業屬地方公共事務，故北水處不願意參與市場結構重組。國外自來水事業僅英國採拋售股權於全國實施民營化。美國、澳洲、日本等國業皆尚未於全國實施民營化，以大都市採公有民營、公民合營方式(非民營化) ，以提高經營效率、服務品質及減少政府財政負擔。自來水事業上游(水源開發、取水)乃以公營為主，中、下游則可導入公有民營、公民合營或全面民營化。自來水事業解除管制之第一要務為水價合理化，以利於推動中、下游之公有民營、公民合營或全面民營化。此外，應依自來水水法第十三11菜，考慮水源流域與經濟規模分析，重新條檢討國內分區經營之劃定，以增進競爭機制。我國自來水事業於近、中程應檢討並擴大委託民間經營管理之業務範圍，可先推動公有民營或公民合營方式，研訂其相關管理監督辦法，視其成效再決定推動全面民營化時機。 To coordinate with the government in reviewing the first phase in privatization of water industry in deregulation, this research is taken by Taiwan Water Supply Corporation and Taipei Water Department as objects to probe into "Feasibility Study on Deregulation of Public Water Industry Market in Taiwan". The former one is under the command of state-operated corporation, and the other is subordinate to Taipei Municipal Government. Taipei Water Department will require the approval of Taipei City Council on this matter, and water industry belongs to local public affair; as far as its benefits is concerned, unlike Taiwan Water Supply Corporation is in financial deficits, Taipei Water Department is unwilling to participate in reforming the structure of the market. According to the experience from other country, for instance, British enterprise is the only water supplier that sells in large quantities to the whole nation and brings privatization into effect. Other countries like USA, Australia, and Japan do not yet, but they adopt the measures such as BOT(Build-Operate-Transfer) or the collaboration of government and local people operating together to increase the operating efficiency and quality of service, and reduce the expenditure of the government. The upper courses of water industry (water resources development) are mainly operated by the government, but the mid and lower courses could be leaded to BOT, which is the collaboration between the government and private companies, or BOO (Build-Own-Operate). However, the requirement is that the water industry must consider making the water price reasonable as their first mission in deregulation. In addition, according to article 13 of Water Supply Law, the analysis of the basin of water sources and economic scale should be taken into consideration, and the plan of domestic regional operation should be reviewed so as to improve the mechanism of consideration, and the plan of domestic regional operation should be reviewed so as to improve the mechanism of competition. For short and mid term, local water industry should either review and expand the scope of the business authorized to private companies , or advance the BOT system, or the government should cooperate with private companies, drawing up the relevant means of management and supervision, and in the end deciding the timing of promoting privatization depending on the effects. To coordinate with the government in reviewing the first phase in privatization of water industry in deregulation, this research is taken by Taiwan Water Supply Corporation and Taipei Water Department as objects to probe into "Feasibility Study on Deregulation of Public Water Industry Market in Taiwan". The former one is under the command of state-operated corporation, and the other is subordinate to Taipei Municipal Government. Taipei Water Department will require the approval of Taipei City Council on this matter, and water industry belongs to local public affair; as far as its benefits is concerned, unlike Taiwan Water Supply Corporation is in financial deficits, Taipei Water Department is unwilling to participate in reforming the structure of the market. According to the experience from other country, for instance, British enterprise is the only water supplier that sells in large quantities to the whole nation and brings privatization into effect. Other countries like USA, Australia, and Japan do not yet, but they adopt the measures such as BOT(Build-Operate-Transfer) or the collaboration of government and local people operating together to increase the operating efficiency and quality of service, and reduce the expenditure of the government. The upper courses of water industry (water resources development) are mainly operated by the government, but the mid and lower courses could be leaded to BOT, which is the collaboration between the government and private companies, or BOO (Build-Own-Operate). However, the requirement is that the water industry must consider making the water price reasonable as their first mission in deregulation. In addition, according to article 13 of Water Supply Law, the analysis of the basin of water sources and economic scale should be taken into consideration, and the plan of domestic regional operation should be reviewed so as to improve the mechanism of consideration, and the plan of domestic regional operation should be reviewed so as to improve the mechanism of competition. For short and mid term, local water industry should either review and expand the scope of the business authorized to private companies , or advance the BOT system, or the government should cooperate with private companies, drawing up the relevant means of management and supervision, and in the end deciding the timing of promoting privatization depending on the effects.
Relation:	第十屆競爭政策與公平交易法學術研討會論文集，頁483-528
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute & Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering] Proceeding [Graduate Institute & Department of Industrial Economics] Proceeding

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