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    題名: Tunable aggregation-induced emission in π-extended Aroylthiophene–Carbazole emitters
    作者: Sharma, Ajeet Kumar;Panaha;Thomas, K.R. Justin;Wu, Cheng-Jui;Luo, Dian;Liu, Shun-Wei;Chen, Chih-Hsin
    日期: 2026-01-06
    上傳時間: 2026-04-16 12:05:42 (UTC+8)
    出版者: Elsevier
    摘要: Benzophenone derivatives have gained substantial attention as versatile acceptor cores for developing efficient emissive materials in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs). The photophysical properties of these materials can be systematically tuned through the introduction of electron-donating groups, enabling control over fluorescence, thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), or room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP). In this study, we designed and synthesized a new series of aroylthiophene-based emitters containing N-phenylcarbazole (N-PhCbz) donors and various aryl fragments such as naphthyl, anthracene, and pyrene. Theoretical calculations indicate that the large singlet–triplet energy gaps render these systems unfavorable for TADF, yet their emission behaviors are markedly sensitive to aggregation. The naphthyl and pyrene derivatives exhibit aggregation-induced emission enhancement (AIEE) aided by hydrogen bonding which restricts intramolecular rotation (RIR), whereas the anthracene analogue displays aggregation-caused quenching (ACQ). The pyrene derivative shows a distinct, red-shifted absorption and 3.2-fold emission enhancement in 90 % water–THF mixture due to ordered morphology of aggregate, which is supported by SEM analysis and lifetime measurement in different water fractions. All compounds exhibit solvent-dependent emission, showing a linear correlation in the Lippert–Mataga plot, while their high decomposition temperatures (≥317 °C) confirm excellent thermal stability. Non-doped OLEDs fabricated using these emitters demonstrate efficiencies, with the pyrene derivative achieving the highest external quantum efficiency (EQE) of 0.51 %. These results provide valuable insights into the structure–property relationship of aroylthiophene-based emitters and suggest potential for developing aggregation-enhanced emitters for optoelectronic applications.
    關聯: Dyes and Pigments 248, p. 113556
    DOI: 10.1016/j.dyepig.2026.113556
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