This chapter deals with the novel El anacronópete (1884 and 1887), written by Enrique Gaspar y Rimbau, its creation and its innovation, both, because of the satirical character and because of its belonging to the genre of science fiction. The nineteenth century witnessed a powerful scientific and technological development—development that introduced economic, political, and social changes. The value of this novel written by Gaspar y Rimbau lies not only in the fact that it precedes what is supposed to be the first time machine in Western literature, but also in the fact that it articulates the scientific and literary discourse in order to address the question of the identity of the Self versus the Other. The narration begins during the International Exhibition of Paris in 1878, where the popularity of the famous Jules Verne and his wonderful hypotheses will be considered children’s toys in the face of the magnitude of the real invention of a modest resident of Zaragoza. More than a science fiction novel, the text requires the incorporation of concepts related to the creation process of national identities from disciplines such as history, sociology, and theory of literature. All of these identities are seen from a satirical prism of a budding science fiction genre.
