Social Inclusion or Social Exclusion: a political economy analysis of the farmers’ associations in indigenous area

淡江大學機構典藏 > 國際事務學院 > 國際事務與戰略研究所 > 會議論文 > Item 987654321/126136

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题名:	Social Inclusion or Social Exclusion: a political economy analysis of the farmers’ associations in indigenous area
作者:	包正豪
日期:	2024-08-13
上传时间:	2024-09-03 12:06:42 (UTC+8)
摘要:	In the current world, indigenous peoples have always been marginalized groups. This marginalization is mainly manifested in the problem of indigenous peoples being excluded by mainstream society. Even with the gradual development of indigenous peoples' rights consciousness, which has also been recognized by the United Nations and has become a mainstream opinion, the protection of indigenous political rights, whether or not it is truly implemented, has at least generally become a target of constitutional protection, so there is no obvious political discrimination. However, in the fields of social, economic, and cultural development, generally speaking, indigenous peoples still face the crisis of underdevelopment. As a result, unfortunately, relatively little is known about the multiple disadvantages in different development domains experienced by these indigenes. The various disadvantages of indigenous peoples usually stem from economic weakness, which in turn leads to social and cultural disadvantages. Also, during the process of colonization, indigenous peoples were forced to migrate to barren lands or mountainous areas, and their lives had to rely on agriculture or livestock. Therefore, in most countries, the first step in trying to solve the problem of economic weakness of indigenous peoples is often to develop agriculture in indigenous areas. In the case of Taiwan, it also follows this development model. Although in a general sense, the government in the past had implemented many agricultural policies and the achievements were remarkable. It was even regarded as the foundation of Taiwan's industrialization. Unfortunately, we did not see this result reproduced in the indigenous society. Indigenous people seem to be excluded from sharing the fruits of Taiwan's agricultural economic development. Poverty issue is still the main problem of the indigenous society. Public policies can be effective in raising people's social inclusion as intended only reasonably through their implementation. The principle of social inclusion, despite its outward liberalness, can be problematic when applied to indigenous people because inclusion assumes a desire for assimilation into mainstream culture and society and treats indigenous people as just another group in need of assistance. Therefore, instead of focusing primarily on relief programs to address indigenous disadvantage, policymakers need to reconsider social inclusion’s core premise. As the agricultural industry may be the only way out for indigenous sustainable development and famers' association is the major channel which the government delivers public services of agriculture, the objective of this study therefore is to address indigenous social exclusion by focusing on their access to the farmers’ association system.
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