本研究提出一改良型太陽能驅動薄膜蒸餾海水淡化系統，係結合太陽能集熱、光電設備與薄膜蒸餾模組之整合系統，其特點是將太陽能集熱後儲存及光電效應進行發電，再間接輔助予薄膜蒸餾程序使用。改良型太陽能驅動薄膜蒸餾海水淡化系統之主要設備包括:(1)太陽能集熱器；(2)太陽能光伏電池；(3)儲熱系統；(4)熱交換器；(5)其他附屬設備；(6)改良型薄膜蒸餾單元(平板型直接接觸式與平板型氣隔式和中空纖維管型氣隔式等)。並改變薄膜蒸餾單元之各種設計參數(流動模式、通道厚度、長寬比、粗糙度、通道溝渠、通氣、堆疊方式)及操作參數(進料溫度、流量)，探討單一薄膜蒸餾模組之最適結構設計，以提升每單位時間下的產水量，降低每單位產水量之成本。同時引入程序設計軟體 AspenCustom Molder (ACM)，進行整合型太陽能驅動薄膜蒸餾海水淡化系統之最適化成本計算。本計畫的研究目的為：(1)設計與模擬各種單元模組，探討最適化成本之操作與設計，以提高能量的使用效率及提升淡水產量；(2)開發改良型直接接觸式與隔式薄膜蒸餾裝 置，以及中空纖維管型氣隔式薄膜蒸餾裝置，提供在不同操作與設計參數下，淡水產率與能耗之經濟效益；(3)建立太陽能熱電整合，開發與設計高效能薄膜蒸餾系統。本計畫之整合改良型薄膜蒸餾模組及系統模擬的研究成果，將完成一套高效率且兼具自動控制之太陽能熱電設備輔助式薄膜蒸餾海水淡化程序之整合系統。 The modified solar-driven membrane distillation seawater desalination system is constructed of solar collectors, optoelectronic devices and membrane distillation devices for increasing pure water productivity. The advantage of such a technically and economically feasible system is designed to use the photoelectric effect to generate electricity and indirect solar heat to drive membrane distillation process in overcoming the unstable supply of solar radiation from sunrise to sunset. The modified solar-driven membrane distillation seawater desalination system in the present study is consisted of (1) solar water heaters; (2) Solar photovoltaic cells; (3) hot water storage devices; (4) heat exchangers; (5) other auxiliary equipment such as pump; (6) membrane distillation units (include three different devices of modified direct contact membrane distillation (DCMD), modified Air gap membrane distillation (AGMD), hollow fiber membranes for air gap membrane distillation modules. The study on MD discusses the design parameters (flow pattern, channel thickness, aspect ratio, roughness, spacer-filled channel, gas bubbling, packing arrangements) and operating parameters (inlet temperature and flow rate) to obtain the maximum pure water productivity with less energy consumption. Meanwhile, Aspen Custom Molder (ACM) software is introduced in this design process to achieve the optimal design arrangement of membrane distillation configurations. The purposes of this study are (1) to use ACM software in simulating membrane distillation modules in order to obtain optimal operating conditions for the pure water productivity; (2) to design and simulate alternative combinations of three modules(flat-plat DCMD, flat-plat AGMD, hollow fiber membranes of AGMD) in optimizing the pure water productivity with conducting both mathematical modeling and experimental studies; (3) to establish the solar thermal and electricity integration system in developing the high performance on the modified solar-driven membrane distillation seawater desalination system.
