本研究目的係探討我國育齡階段的男女對現行之生育政策實施現況是否知悉及主觀感受政策對生育的重要性如何、是否因不同個人背景有差異性需求、以及生育政策是否足以影響其生育意願。因此，綜整我國現行中央政府生育政策及臺北市「助妳好孕」專案政策，共計31項友善生育政策措施，區分為四大類別：「現金給付」、「實物給付」、「友善職場」及「其他措施」規劃問卷架構，針對臺北市剛結婚及剛生育之487位民眾進行便利抽樣問卷調查。經調查結果發現：樣本民眾對本研究問卷中之31項政策，有16項知曉度低於50%以下；以整體四大政策類別生育政策來說，樣本民眾認為「友善職場」的相關政策對生育小孩方面最為重要。另外，針對第3胎的補助措施（臺北市第3胎子女國小教育補助金1年1,000元、第3胎以上6歲以下兒童就醫醫療補助、家有3胎以上幼兒優先就讀臺北市公幼）及役男育有未滿12歲之子女2名以上得申請服補充兵等4項政策，不論是知曉度及重要性需求程度都較低。本研究亦發現影響政策重要性認知差異的個人背景因素中，年齡、教育程度、夫妻月收入，與生育政策重要程度有負相關；而各項生育政策之於民眾的生育意願，對剛結婚者有顯著關係、低度相關；對剛生育者則幾無顯著關係，顯示我國現行的生育政策無法有效鼓勵民眾再多生一個小孩的意願，尚不足以成為刺激生育的誘因。 The purpose of this study is to explore whether the people in childbearing age are aware of the birth policies in central and local government; whether they see birth policies are important to them; whether their needs toward the policies are different according to their personal backgrounds; and whether the birth policies significantly affect their intention to give births. This research uses data from a questionnaire survey aimed at people those recently married or gave births and returned 487 samples.. The items in the questionarie include the attitude toward 31 current public policies of childbirth. These policies could be divided into four categories: "cash payment", "physical supports", "friendly workplace" and "others". The result shows that a total of 16 policies reveived low awareness (under 50% of respondents know the policy) from people. Of the total 4 categories of policies in the questionnaire, most people considered the policy of "friendly workplace"as the most important one. There are four policies have been seen as not important to people and reveived low awareness. For examples, the subsidy for the third child (the third child receives primary education allowance an annually 1,000NTD, 3 or more children under the age of 6 receives medical subsidies, and if the family has more than 3 children priority is given to study in Taipei public schools) and if a male in service of army has more than two children who are under 12 years of age are permitted to apply for serving as supplementary soldiers. This study also found that personal background factors such as age, level of education and annual income are negatively correlated with the importance of policy. The birth policies are more important to those who recently married than those recently gave births. To conclude, this study argues that curent birth policies have not effectively encouraged people to have another child. In other words, the policies will not increase the birth rate.
