隨著經濟增長，長工時的工作條件造成員工身心、家庭的不平衡，由此衍生出許多社會問題。以往的研究中指出工時的契合、企業倫理的落實程度、工作價值觀與員工的工作滿意度間都有正向關聯，本研究之目的在探討:工時與工作滿意度間之關係是否會受到企業倫理落實程度以及員工的工作價值觀影響，希望能提供企業解決工時紛爭僵局的另一個思考方向。 本研究以半結構式深度訪談方式，針對統計資料中工時較長的保全業、不動產業，以及工時較接近平均數的公共行政業、金融業各選擇一名主管及二名員工實施訪談，將訪談資料編輯分析結果如下: 1、工時與工作滿意度間之關係會受工作價值影響，工作價值越高，則相同 工時條件下的工作滿意度越高。符合員工工作價值觀的工作，可以降低 員工在長時間工作下的不滿意程度。 2、工作價值影響工時與工作滿意度間之關係較企業倫理落實程度的影響 明顯且有效率。 3、在工作時間長且工作壓力大的單位，企業倫理的落實可以發揮提昇員 工工作滿意度的作用。 企業能落實企業倫理或者工作符合員工的價值觀，都可以對員工發揮正向作用，從而影響工時與工作滿意度間之關係，兩者都可以降低員工對於工時問題所造成的不滿意程度，也同樣可以作為企業解決工時問題的策略工具。企業想要解決員工對於工時不滿意的問題，從改變現有工作以求符合員工的工作價值觀著手，比較容易獲得立即的效果。如果能夠長時間的落實企業倫理，則可以凝具員工的向心力，從而培育出優良的企業文化，使企業具有超越競爭對手的內在優勢，是居於產業中領先群的企業，想要脫穎而出不可忽視的策略方法。 Under the era of economic growth, excessive long working hours would cause the imbalance of employees’ personal and family life. Erog, many social issues followed. Previous research has indicated that there is a positive connection among the fit of desired and actual work hours, the application of business ethics, working values and job satisfaction. This study aims to explore whether the relationship between working hours and job satisfaction would be affected by business ethics practices and working values. The results could hopefully provide reconciliation of working hour dispute. This research is conducted through semi-structured in-depth interviews to a triad of 1 supervisor and 2 subordinates from presumably long working hour industries and average working hour industries. The former is represented by security and real estate firms while the latter is represented by public services and banking. The followings are the key results: 1.The relationship between working hours and job satisfaction would be affected by working values. The better the working values is, the higher the job satisfaction under the same working hour condition. Jobs complying with employee’s values could lessen the extent to dissatisfaction from excessive long working hours. 2.Working values affected the relationship between working hours and job satisfaction more apparently and effective than the business ethics did. 3.In a workplace of excessive long working hours and high-level stress, the embodiment of business ethics could increase job satisfaction.
Both business ethics application or jobs matching with work values could exert positive effect so as to affect the relationship between working hours and job satisfaction. Not only could the two endeavors lessen the dissatisfaction from long working hours but also be a strategic tool to resolve working hours disputes. Redesigning current jobs to match with employees’ values would be an easy way to immediately resolve working hour issue. Business ethics is an essential, strategic factor for a company to standout and get ahead from other competitors. If business ethics could be applied continuously, employees would be loyal to cultivate excellent cohesiveness and hence to obtain the internal superiority to exceed the toughest competitor.
