在森田的研究中，他將自他兩用動詞分為「自他兩文型的相同用法意思之種類」、「他動現象之結果與自動現象相同之種類」及「作為他動行為之結果，而衍生出自動現象之種類」三種。筆者將此三種種類的例句以影山所提倡出的四個類型作為基準來分析例句的結果，得知例句全為「反使役化動詞」。另也得知，有些例句就行跨「非對格動詞」、「非能格動詞」及「脫使役化動詞」此三種類型裡，並非有相同的規則而做分類。 This research mainly deals with ergative verbs in Japanese. Based on the meaning of Japanese ergative verbs, Morita (1990) categorizes them into several groups such as “verbs that have the same meaning in both intransitive and transitive usages”, “verbs that the resultative state caused by the transitive act is regarded as the same state expressed by the intransitive”, and “verbs which states expressed by intransitive usage are in fact caused as the result of transitive acts”. This thesis analyzes the sentences that involves these ergative verbs with regard to their meanings and properties. Besides unergative and unaccusative verbs, “anti-causativization” and “de-causativization” in Japanese verbs that are proposed by Kageyama are introduced here, and in addition, the sentences shown in Morita (1990) are re-analyzed under the categorization by Kageyama. This thesis consists of five chapters. The first chapter is the introduction. The second chapter introduces the two distinct intransitive verbs in English; “unergative verbs” and “unaccusative verbs” that are discussed in Perlmutter (1978). The third chapter shows “anti-causativization verbs” and “de-causativization verbs” proposed by Kageyama, as well as “unergative” and “unaccusative” in Japanese. The fourth chapter analyzes the sentences shown in Morita (1990) under their meanings, referring to the categorization by Kageyama. The fifth chapter is the conclusion. In Morita (1990), Japanese ergative verbs are divided into three types: “verbs that have the same meaning in both intransitive and transitive usages”, “verbs that the resultative state caused by transitive act is regarded as the same state expressed by the intransitive”, and “verbs which states expressed by intransitive usage are in fact caused as the result of transitive acts”. However, this thesis proposes that all the verbs shown in sentences in Morita are in fact the verbs of anti-causativization, and moreover, some verbs exhibit two different properties among unaccusative verbs, unergative verbs or verbs of de-causativization.
