| 摘要: | 詞語搭配能力的重要性在投身教學相關領域的教育者之中，已經獲得普遍共識。回顧以往的相關研究，它對於第二語言的學習也已證明了有舉足輕重的影響。然而到至今為止，仍鮮少研究探索詞語搭配在教科書中的使用。因此，本研究的目的旨在調查台灣坊間國中英文教科書中的動詞搭配詞。
研究者先蒐集翰林iEnglish和康軒英語教科書中全部的動詞搭配詞，再以BBI英語搭配字典作為檢驗的工具，記錄出以下資訊: (1) 全冊的動詞搭配詞總數量 (2) 個別動詞搭配詞出現的頻率。最後研究者進一步分析以上資訊，討論是否有規則能解釋各動詞搭配詞的分布情形。
研究結果顯示，翰林iEnglish全冊中總數139的動詞搭配詞，“look at”共出現26次，在全冊中出現最多次，同時也是唯一一個全冊都出現的動詞搭配詞。14個出現超過5次，然而多達77個只出現1次。而康軒英語教科書中全冊共88個動詞搭配詞, 沒有一個動詞搭配詞全冊都出現。13個超過5次，多達46個僅出現一次。
研究結果也同時顯示出，有5個規則可以解釋各動詞詞語搭配出現的次數頻率多寡，以及解釋特定的動詞詞語搭配出現在特定的情境: (1) 教科書編輯者可能將各冊章節依照文法順序排列，文法難度由淺入深，使得“look at”成為極少數出現在第一冊的動詞詞語搭配。(2) 教科書納入了大部分國中生的課外活動，使得 “taking trips”, “having fun”, “taking picture”, “play ball”, 和“go sporting”頻繁出現在iEnglish中。(3) 國中生常面臨的疾病傷痛議題也被納入教科書中，使得“have a stomachache”, “have a fever”, “go to bed”, “take care of”, 和“take medicine”頻繁出現。(4) 國中生面臨的許多困難和議題，例如吸菸的議題和生涯規劃，也被納入教科書中，因此“deal with”和“ask for”頻繁地出現。(5) 國中生開始背負責任，因此“have to”在康軒英文教科書末兩冊頻繁出現。本研究在最後建議語言教學者可以注意這些規則，也建議未來的研究可以調查是否非英文學習領域也會有特定且適用的動詞搭配詞。
It is a widely accepted idea that collocations are very important parts of second language learning, and learners can benefit from the knowledge of collocations. Previous studies examining collocations about English textbooks are very few, so this study aims to investigate verb collocations in Book One through Book Six of the Hanlin iEnglish and Kang Hsuan English textbooks for junior high school students in Taiwan.
The BBI Dictionary of English word combinations is served as standard tool to decide on the verb collocations found in the reading texts in each lesson of Hanlin iEnglish and Kang Hsuan English series, and these collocations are further examined to investigate: (1) the total number of them in iEnglish, and (2) the frequency of each collocation found in iEnglish. Then, some patterns derived from the collocations found in Hanlin iEnglish and Kang Hsuan English are further discussed.
The results indicate that among the 139 verb collocations which are the total number of verb collocations found in the six books of iEnglish, “look at” appears 26 times, which ranks top one on the list and is the only verb collocation equally spread in each book, and 14 verb collocations appear more than 5 times, while 77 verb collocations simply appear only once. On the other hand, there are 88 verb collocations found in the six books of Kang Hsuan English, but no verb collocation equally spread in each book. Thirteen verb collocations appear more than 5 times, while 46 verb collocations simply appear only once. The results also reveal that there are five main patterns for specific verb collocations to explain why they appear more frequently or less frequently, and what themes are more likely to be relevant to specific verb collocations. First, material developers may organize the books based on grammar points, from the simplest one to the most complicated one, which makes “look at” one of the very few verb collocations appearing in Book One in iEnglish. Second, activities that most of the junior high school students share are put into lessons, which makes “taking trips”, “having fun”, “taking picture”, “play ball”, and “go sporting” appear frequently in iEnglish. Third, illness and sickness that most of the junior high school students have been through are put into lessons, which make “have a stomachache”, “have a fever”, “go to bed”, “take care of”, and “take medicine “appear frequently in iEnglish. Fourth, issues and problems that junior high school students may encounter to solve in their daily life are put into lessons, which makes “deal with” and “ask for” appear frequently in iEnglish. Fifth, junior high school students start taking responsibility, which makes “have to” appear frequently in the last two books of Kang Hsuan English. The researcher further suggests that language teachers should put emphasis on these patterns. Future research investigating whether there are patterns in other fields is also suggested. |
