This study represents the first attempt to examine the relationships between the Big Five personality traits and individual protest behavior in cross-national context. Past studies on the relationships between personality traits and political participation mainly focus on a single country and find inconsistent results. Using the most recent wave of the World Values Survey, this study investigates the impact of personality on individual protest participation in 20 countries using the multilevel modeling. Empirical results show that higher levels of agreeableness, emotional stability, and openness to experience are significantly associated with a decreased likelihood of protest participation. More importantly, this study demonstrates that contextual factors can interact with personality traits to influence individual protest participation. Overall, this study suggests that the effects of personality traits on individual protest participation disparate from country to country and each state may attribute this differing results to its particular political, economic and social contexts.