中國大陸反貪腐工作之研究 : 以中共中央紀律檢查委員會角色與運作為例

淡江大學機構典藏 > 國際事務學院 > 中國大陸研究所 > 學位論文 > Item 987654321/111530

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题名:	中國大陸反貪腐工作之研究 : 以中共中央紀律檢查委員會角色與運作為例
其它题名:	Research in anti-corruption work in mainland China : a case study of the role and operations of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC
作者:	喻照麟;Yu, Chao-Lin
贡献者:	淡江大學中國大陸研究所碩士在職專班潘錫堂
关键词:	中共中央紀律檢查委員會;Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC;蔣潔敏;Jiang Jiemin;雙規;Shuanggui;雙開;Shuangkai
日期:	2016
上传时间:	2017-08-24 23:55:46 (UTC+8)
摘要:	由於中國共產黨作為中國唯一的執政黨，許多黨員擔負著各級國家機關的領導，具有既是共產黨員，又是國家公職人員之雙重身份，而共產黨又堅持政府工作應在黨的領導下完成，而對組織及人員之監察工作則需在政府與黨的領導下發展，故黨的紀律監督在中國整個監督體系中處於最高層的地位，對於其他監督類型具有領導和統率的作用。以具有國家公職身份之人員來說，有黨員身份人員，先由黨的紀律委員會處理後，再依國家相關規定辦理，而未具有黨員身份之人員，則直接由國家之行政監察或司法機關依相關規定辦理。由於中共掌控政府各級單位主要職位，深入社會各階層，且中共強調的是「黨的領導」與「黨要管黨」，故為形成集中統一指揮，增進合作力量，在1993年把國務院監察部與黨的紀律檢查委員合署辦公，進行一元化整合，接著在2007年9月成立國家預防腐敗局，由監察部部長兼任局長。形成中央紀委、監察部、國家預防腐敗局合署辦公，三塊牌子，一套人馬，由中央紀委統領，是新形勢反腐行動下的「中央紀委模式」。腐敗源自公權力的異化，困擾著所有政治體制與經濟體制之間有衝突的發展中國家。要解決公權力異化，依靠官員提升自我道德素質，很難有效果，如何在權力之外，構建一套權力制衡與民眾監督體系，來規範權力的運作，才是反腐敗之關鍵，而不是只靠領導人一時之意志或藉此進行權力鬥爭。 Because the Communist Party of China is China''s sole governing party, many leadership positions in government organs at all levels are held by party members. Many government officials have the dual identity of Communist party member and public servant. In addition, the Communist Party insists that government functions be performed under party leadership and that supervision of organizations and individual personnel be developed under government and party leadership. Accordingly, disciplinary supervision of the Communist Party is conducted at the highest levels of the entire Chinese supervisory system, and party disciplinary organs possess leadership and command functions with respect to other types of supervision. When personnel acting in the capacity of state officials are also party members, cases are handled according to government regulations only after processing by the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. Cases of state officials who are not party members are handled directly under relevant regulations by the government Ministry of Supervision or the judiciary system. The Communist Party controls major positions in all levels of government and is deeply embedded in all levels of society. The party also emphasizes the principles of “leadership by the party” and “control of the party by the party”. As such, in order to achieve centralized and united control and enhance cooperative efforts, a joint office was formed in 1993 from the Ministry of Supervision of the State Council and the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of the CPC, and integration began. In September 2007, the National Bureau of Corruption Prevention was established, with the Minister of Supervision concurrently serving as Director. As a result, the Ministry of Supervision, Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, and Bureau of Corruption Prevention are operating as a single unit under the leadership of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. A new situation exists in which joint anti-corruption efforts are being developed under the methods of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection. The source of corruption is alienation from public authority. Such alienation plagues all developing countries where there is conflict between the political and economic systems. To alleviate alienation from public authority, officials must improve the quality of their personal ethics. However, such improvement will not be easily achieved. The key to combating corruption is to identify methods which can be applied from outside positions of power and which employ a balance of power and a civilian supervision system to regulate the exercise of power. This approach is preferable to relying on the temporary will of leadership or to using the issue as support for a power struggle.
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