本研究以溶膠凝膠法製備超親水有機-無機奈米複合材料並將其應用於光學鍍膜之製作。論文主要分為超親水防霧防霜塗膜及超親水防霧抗反射塗膜兩個部份，摘其要點如下。 防霧防霜塗膜：實驗中已成功合成出含雙鍵的改質界面活性劑(T20)，可以直接添加到塗料配方中參與UV交聯聚合反應。而透過雙層塗佈的設計，也具備可以水洗的特色所製得防霧防霜塗膜。結果顯示T20在塗膜中含量達70 wt%時，即可以在80℃之熱蒸氣試驗中展現極佳的防霧效果，而將冷卻至-20℃的塗膜放置於室溫環境中(70%RH)可以在約30~40秒的時間內完成退霜，回復原本的高穿透度，且塗膜具備4H之硬度和100%之PMMA附著性，有很高的實用潛力。 防霧抗反射塗膜：實驗中利用添加於塗料中TiO2製備高折射率塗層，添加改質二氧化矽和改質Tween20製備親水低折射率塗層，並利用下(高折射)/上(低折射)的雙層塗佈方式來製備防霧且抗反射塗膜，探討旋轉塗佈的轉速對膜厚的影響，且經由電腦輔助軟體模擬出最佳抗反射效果之薄膜厚度做為實驗時厚度參考依據。實驗結果顯示，當下層與上層塗膜為109 nm與79 nm時，能達到最佳抗反射效果，其反射率僅為1.09%的反射率，且於熱蒸氣測試也有良好的防霧表現。 n this study, organic - inorganic nanocomposites with super-hydrophilic property are prepared by the sol-gel method, and applied on the preparation of optical coatings. The thesis is divided into two parts: (1) super-hydrophilic antifog/antifrost coatings and (2) super-hydropholic antifog/anti-reflection coatings. The major findings are abstracted below.
antifog/antifrost coatings : Surfactants containing double bonds (T20) were successfully synthesized and added into the coating formulations directly to form coatings via UV-curing polymerization process. Through the double layer design hydrophilic anti-fog and anti-frost coatings were prepared which also possess the benefit of water-washable. The steam and frost test results show that as the coatings contain up to 70 wt% T20, they are antifogging and able to defrost and regain high transparent within 30~40s at room temperature (70%RH) after pre-cooled to -20 ℃ in the fridge. Also, the coatings have high hardness of 4H and adhere perfectly to the substrate (PMMA), demonstrating good potentials in optical coating applications. antifog/anti-reflection coatings: In this part, TiO2 were added to the formulation to prepared the high refractive index (RI) coating layer, which modified silica and modified Tween20 were added to coating formulation to prepare hydrophilic coating of low refractive index. Using double-layer design, the effect of spin coating rate on the thickness of the coating was investigated. Using bottom(high RI)/top(low RI) double layer design, antifog/anti-reflection coatings were prepared successfully. The effect of spinning rate on the thickness of the coating was investigated. Based on the computer-aided software, the thickness of the coating layers were optimized. The result shows that when the bottom and top layer coating thicknesses are 109 nm and 79 nm, respectively, the best antireflection performance, only 1.09% of the reflectance, is achieved. Steam test also indicates that this coating has very good anti-fog performance.
