| 摘要: | 本研究主要目的為探討2007年版至2014年版的JCR封鎖期刊，利用引用文獻分析法探討封鎖期刊之特質、封鎖因素及其在學術評鑑相關指標之表現與變化，並比較封鎖期刊在Scopus與WoS不同指標之表現。研究對象為所有JCR封鎖期刊，共有281種，扣除歷年重複期刊則有177種。
研究結果顯示：封鎖期刊之特性方面，美國出版的封鎖期刊數最多達40種，但若從封鎖期刊於該國出版所佔比例來看，比例最高變為巴基斯坦(4.22%)、出版商類型以商業學術出版社最多(51.26%)、學科領域以工程學領域最多達36種、被封鎖時間為連續兩年和一年居多達161種、僅一種封鎖期刊提出被封鎖聲明。封鎖期刊之指標表現方面，封鎖期刊於封鎖期間之IF分布為0.2至0.6之間居多、封鎖期間之SJR分布為0.2至0.5之間居多、封鎖期間在WoS的期刊自我引用率以50%至60%最多、封鎖期間在Scopus的期刊自我引用率以40%至50%最多、封鎖期間扣除或保留期刊自我引用後的IF變化以相差13倍為最大差異。封鎖期刊之封鎖因素方面，第一個因素為期刊自我引用，包括期刊自我引用率過高或過低、期刊編輯於編者言中大量引用該期刊文章、作者大量自我引用導致期刊自我引用率過高；第二個因素為堆疊引用，包括期刊編輯關係之堆疊引用、異質學科領域間的堆疊引用、出版機構內的堆疊引用、作者間的堆疊引用；第三個因素為強迫引用。
根據研究結果所提出之建議包括：學術期刊出版單位加強內部出版人員對於封鎖期刊的認知以及制定或提供相關的出版政策、期刊編輯提醒編輯委員會成員、審稿者、作者等關於封鎖期刊的議題和其重要性，也應自我警惕勿透過人為手段扭曲引用行為、作者加強瞭解封鎖期刊清單和其相關內容，也應自我要求和相互提醒勿進行學術不端行為、國家科技政策制訂者在官網放置封鎖期刊清單供研究人員查詢，也應自我警惕和改善相關學術政策、學術圖書館在網站說明封鎖期刊之議題等內容供讀者參考，並於圖書館利用教育課程宣導封鎖期刊和學術倫理之重要性。
The main objective of this study was to investigate the suppressed journals in the 2007 to 2014 JCR editions and identify the characteristics and factors of these journals and their performance in various indicators. The number of suppressed journals in the 2007 to 2014 JCR editions totaled 281. After excluding repeating journals, the number totaled 177.
The results of the study reveal that:
(1)The U.S.A had the highest numbers of suppressed journals, the number was 40. Pakistan had the highest proportion of suppressed journals, the proportion was 4.22%. Commercial scientific publishers are the main publisher of suppressed journals (51.26%). The subject area of Engineering contained the most suppressed journals, the number of suppressed journals was 36. Most of the suppressed journals required two consecutive years or one year to change their abnormal citation patterns, the number of suppressed journals was 161. Only one suppressed journal provided the statement of suppression.
(2)During the period of suppression, most of the suppressed journals had IF values between 0.2 and 0.6. Most of the suppressed journals had SJR values between 0.2 and 0.5. Most of the suppressed journals had self-citation rate between 50% and 60% in WoS. Most of the suppressed journals had self-citation rate between 40% and 50% in Scopus. No matter containing the self-cited data or not, the highest difference of IF values was 13 times.
(3)The first factor of suppressed journals are journal self-citation, including the journal self-citation rate is too high or too low, journal editors cite a large number of references in editorial article, the author self-citations lead to journal self-citation rate is too high. The second factor of suppressed journals are citation stacking, including the relationships of the journal editors and editorial board members may have facilitated the citation stacking, the citation stacking of heterogeneous subject areas, the citation stacking of publishers, the citation stacking of authors. The third factor of suppressed journals are coercive citation.
The suggestions for improvement based on the findings of this study are as follows:
(1)The journal publishers should promote the understanding of suppressed journals, and provide relevant publication policy.
(2)The journal editors should remind the editorial board members, reviewers, authors on the suppressed journal issues, and shouldn’t manipulate or distort the citation behavior.
(3)The authors should strengthen the understanding of suppressed journals, and pay attention to academic ethics and integrity.
(4)The national science and technology policy makers should provide suppressed journal list on their website, and improve relevant academic policy.
(5)The academic library should provide suppressed journal issues or list on their website, and promote the topic of academic ethics and integrity in library instructions. |
