Anisotropy in the thermal hysteresis of resistivity and charge density wave nature of single crystal SrFeO3-δ: X-ray absorption and photoemission studies

doi:10.1038/s41598-017-00247-z

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Title:	Anisotropy in the thermal hysteresis of resistivity and charge density wave nature of single crystal SrFeO3-δ: X-ray absorption and photoemission studies
Authors:	Shang Hsien Hsieh;R.S. Solanki;Y. F. Wang;Y. C. Shao;Shu-Han Lee;C.H. Yao;Chao-Hung Du;H.T. Wang;J. W. Chiou;Y.Y. Chin;H. M. Tsai;Jeng-Lung Chen;Chih-Wen Pao;Cheng-Maw Cheng;Wei-Chuan Chen;Hong-Ji Lin;Jyh-Fu Lee;Fang-Cheng Chou;Way-Faung Pong
Date:	2017-03-13
Issue Date:	2017-03-28 02:10:20 (UTC+8)
Publisher:	Nature Publishing Group
Abstract:	The local electronic and atomic structures of the high-quality single crystal of SrFeO3-δ (δ~0.19) were studied using temperature-dependent x-ray absorption and valence-band photoemission spectroscopy (VB-PES) to investigate the origin of anisotropic resistivity in the ab-plane and along the c-axis close to the region of thermal hysteresis (near temperature for susceptibility maximum, Tm~78 K). All experiments herein were conducted during warming and cooling processes. The Fe L 3,2-edge X-ray linear dichroism results show that during cooling from room temperature to below the transition temperature, the unoccupied Fe 3d e g states remain in persistently out-of-plane 3d 3z2-r2 orbitals. In contrast, in the warming process below the transition temperature, they change from 3d 3z2-r2 to in-plane 3d x2-y2 orbitals. The nearest-neighbor (NN) Fe-O bond lengths also exhibit anisotropic behavior in the ab-plane and along the c-axis below Tm. The anisotropic NN Fe-O bond lengths and Debye-Waller factors stabilize the in-plane Fe 3d x2-y2 and out-of-plane 3d 3z2-r2 orbitals during warming and cooling, respectively. Additionally, a VB-PES study further confirms that a relative band gap opens at low temperature in both the ab-plane and along the c-axis, providing the clear evidence of the charge-density-wave nature of SrFeO3-δ (δ~0.19) single crystal.
Relation:	Scientific Reports 7, 161(11pages)
DOI:	10.1038/s41598-017-00247-z
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute & Department of Physics] Journal Article

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