This article will argue that future outer space flight may cause micro-evolutionary changes to the human body, and will explain the nature of these changes from the point of view of evolutionary medicine. Initial adaptation will be protracted with considerable problems to long term outer space flight, especially inter-generational outer space travellers. The authors examine possible neurobehavioural and psycho-social possibilities for long term outer space travellers due to separation from the biotic environment in which humans have evolved. The authors also develop novel ideas in reducing possible deleterious micro-evolutionary effects during long term outer space flight.
