In this study, we assumed that organizational heterogeneity is a key factor influencing the effects of institute–industry cooperation in graduate institutes. We considered that faculty position, faculty member nationality, and diversity of academic expertise as indicators of heterogeneity according to the concept of Blau’s index. One-hundred graduate institutes with doctoral programs were selected from 881 graduate institutes offering doctoral programs in Taiwan as our target group. Correlation analysis, regression analysis, and curve estimation were conducted to determine the effects of graduate institute heterogeneity. The results reveal that excessive or insufficient differentiation among faculty positions has an adverse effect on institute-industry collaboration, presenting both advantages and disadvantages in this case. A Blau’s index value of 0.56 for faculty position differentiation indicated optimal performance in academic–industry collaboration. Heterogeneity in nationality positively influenced institute–industry collaboration. Diversity of academic expertise in graduate institutes also indicated improved performance in institute–industry collaboration. The findings reveal some specific strategies for graduate institutes to reallocate their human resources to optimize their performance.
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