正常眼壓型青光眼對視神經盤造成傷害是本文主要的研究重點，正常眼壓型青光眼前房壓力介於10-20mmHg屬正常範圍內，由於視神經盤的發育缺陷，導致視神經盤無法承受正常範圍眼壓的壓迫而產生視野缺損。本研究借由設計完整的眼球膜型，並參照正常眼壓型青光眼的發病機制進行模擬分析。分析結果得到前房壓力值符合正常眼壓型青光眼臨床壓力值範圍，從應力分布現象來看，最大應力集中在鞏膜後端與視神經盤處。本研究針對白種人、亞洲人、非洲人進行探討，人種間的主要差異在於視神經盤的大小不同，研究發現在相同眼壓下，非洲人在視神經盤應力集中現象大於白種人與亞洲人，而亞洲人又較白種人大。本文也針對不同人種、不同眼壓、不同組織楊氏系數進行探討。本研究之分析結果，能提供往後相關研究一個重要的依據。 In this study, the main body of research is focused on injuries to the optic disc of the eye ball due to normal-tension glaucoma. Because of developmental defects in the optic disc, the anterior intraocular pressure falls outside of the nominal range, producing visual field defects. The anterior IOP due to normal tension glaucoma is generally between the 10-20 mmHg. This study discusses the comprehensive design of an eye model, with analysis and reference to the simulation of the pathogenesis of normal-tension glaucoma. The resulting modeled values found for anterior pressure during normal-tension glaucoma were found to be in line with clinical pressure ranges. Utilizing stress distribution models, the maximum stress concentration was found to be in the rear of the sclera and the optic disc. In this study, the optic discs of Caucasians, Asians, and Africans are discussed, with the main difference between the three ethnicities lying in the different sizes of the optic disc of each respective ethnicity. This study found that, for the same anterior IOP, those of African descent will experience the highest stress concentrations in the optic disc of the three ethnicities, with those of Asian and Caucasian descent coming in second and third, respectively. This study also covers variations due to different ethnicities, different anterior IOPs, and different Young’s moduli. The results of this study can provide an important basis for future research.
