無線感測網路(Wireless Sensor Network, WSN)是由眾多體積小的感測器(Sensor Node)所組成，這些感測器被密集地散佈在需要偵測的區域，並肩負著環境監控的任務。由於感測器可能由不同業者佈建，或因應不同功能的需求，每個感測器上可能裝配許多不同的感測元件，一旦佈建在應用場域，便已投入高硬體成本，因此，如何使感測器被多個使用者所共用，以充份發揮感測資源的利用率，且在增加感測元件利用率的同時，本論文擬兼顧延長網路生命期及改善監控效能之目標。本論文提出兩種作法，分別為貪婪法(Greedy algorithm)和動態規劃(Dynamic Programming)之工作排程機制，首先針對搭載多個元件的單一感測器，探討單一感測器中，多個感測元件之省電排程機制，進而達成延長生命期之目的。其後，本論文擬再考量多個感測器間的合作運作，提出相鄰感測器之間具節能考量的工作排程機制，以期達成兼具省電及高事件捕捉率之目的。 Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of a large amount of sensor nodes randomly deployed in a monitoring region for event monitoring. In the considered WSN, sensor nodes are heterogeneous and each of them is embedded with several different sensing components, such as temperature, humidity and light sensing components, aiming to detect a variety of events. To improve the utilization of WSN, multiple users can virtually define their own WSNs by giving the required sensor nodes and the requirements which specify the number of working slots and the duty cycle for each sensing component. According to a set of user requirements, this paper investigates the cooperative sensing issue to satisfy the multi-user requirements while maximizing both event detection ratio and network lifetime. As a result, the physical WSN can be virtually shared by multiple users under good scheduling. Performance results depict that the proposed mechanism outperforms existing works in terms of network lifetime and event detection ratio.
