建築開口皮層對室內空間自然通風效果模擬研究 : 以低層住宅為例

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Title:	建築開口皮層對室內空間自然通風效果模擬研究 : 以低層住宅為例
Other Titles:	Simulation study on effects of architectural opening on indoor natural ventilation : case study on low storey housing
Authors:	李念慈;Li, Nian-Cih
Contributors:	淡江大學建築學系碩士班王文安
Keywords:	建築皮層;CFD數值模擬;室內舒適度;室內自然通風;Building skin;computational fluid dynamics;Indoor comfort;Natural ventilation
Date:	2015
Issue Date:	2016-01-22 15:01:43 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	近幾年來人類的需求激增，過度濫用造成能源耗竭，使得全球暖化持續加溫，絲毫沒有減緩的趨勢。若將「戰爭」譬喻人類二十世紀的夢饜，那麼「能源耗竭」即是我們人類二十一世紀的最大的考驗。人類再不採取新的作法及改變，地球將無法繼續負荷人類的生存。　　現代人類的生活模式，已是長時間習慣性待在室內運行，然而室內卻是存在最多有害物質的混濁氣體，當室內環境不通風時，這些混濁氣體便會在室內空間不斷循環著，使得室內氧氣比例下降，造成室內空氣汙染。若想要改善室內空氣品質，又不仰賴空調系統的情況下，室內通風無疑是最重要的一個環節。而一個良好的室內通風，同時兼具了多項功能，例:藉由通風換氣，增加室內氧氣，並且減少空氣汙染在室內的累積，亦能維持室內良好空氣品質；室內良好的空氣流動，亦可幫助散熱並提高人體舒適度及降低室內溫度以達成結構冷卻的效益。　我們不得不承認，大自然的怒吼，影響著人類的生活型態、健康及舒適。因此本研究，將一個於設計階段，且以打造生態社區之低層住宅規劃為研究基地，主要針對室內通風，進行電腦模擬來探討，並提出有助於室內通風有效策略，並且改善及後續檢討，以提供設計者改善評估之設計參考。章節內容如下：第一章說明研究動機、目的、研究範圍、研究流程。第二章由建築物外環境開始至室內環境，參考輔助室內通風之基礎理論，包含環境控制、室內人體舒適與健康基準及改善之研究對策。第三章說明基地之環境分析，並且整合中央氣象局之氣候資料，為模擬實驗參數條件之設定進行CFD電腦模擬。第四章實驗之說明及環境模型設定，包含邊界設定、模型尺寸，探討較為不利於室內通風之房型，提出改善策略及模型設定，主要策略方向為: (一)建築物開口部方向、角度的變換。 (二)陽台延伸。 (三)陽台植栽之加成效應。第五章以電腦軟體CFD模擬，進行探討在三項不同變因之結果，進行分析及比較，並評估各改善策略對室內環境有無效應。第六章研究成果之呈現，對室內環境之改善效果及影響，提供居住者設計上之建議，並對後續相關研究提出建議。 In recent years, the sharply increasing human demands and excessive abuse of resources have resulted in energy depletion, so global warming become much severe and shows no sign of slowing down. If the wars are the nightmare of people in the 20th century, energy depletion will be the greatest challenge for us in this century. If we don''t take measures and make change, the earth will not be suitable for us to live. Modern people are now inclined to stay indoors for a long time,, where there is full of turbid air containing most harmful substances. In an unventilated indoor space, these gases will continuously circulate, which decreases the oxygen proportion and cause indoor air pollution. To improve the indoor air quality without using air conditioning systems, the indoor air ventilation is undoubtedly the most important. The good indoor ventilation is able to provide multiple functions. That is to say, it can increase oxygen and reduce accumulated air pollution, which guarantee good indoor air quality, and it can also help to dissipate heat, improve human comfort, and lower the indoor temperature to realize the structure’s cooling efficiency. We have to admit that the nature can influence our life style, health and comfort degree. Therefore, this study takes a low-rise residential building which is under designing and attempts to create an eco-community as its research base, uses the computer to stimulate and explore the indoor ventilation, and finally proposes effective strategies for improving indoor ventilation. Improvements and subsequent reviews are conducted to provide reference for designers for improvement and assessment. Content of each chapter is as follows： Chapter 1、Introduces the research motivation, objectives, scope and procedures. Chapter 2、Starting from the outdoor to indoor environment, focuses on the strategies for improving environment control，and the benchmark of human body comfort and health inside the room based on the theory of auxiliary indoor ventilation. Chapter 3、Analyzes the environment in the base and integrates the weather data from the Central Meteorological Bureau，to conduct CFD simulation for setting the experiment parameter conditions. Chapter 4、Introduces the experiment and settings of environment model, including boundary settings and model dimension，to explore the house type unfavorable for indoor air ventilation and put forward improvement strategies. The strategy directions are： a. Changing the direction and angle of buildings opening. b. Extending the balcony. c .The additive effects of balcony planting. Chapter 5、Adopts computer software CFD simulation to explore and compare the effects of the three different variations，as well as evaluate the effects of the proposed strategies on indoor environment improvement. Chapter 6、Presents the research results, namely, the improvement effect and influences on indoor environment，providing suggestions for occupants in terms of design and proposals for future researches
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