中共跨世紀之潛艦發展(1997-2014)

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Title:	中共跨世紀之潛艦發展(1997-2014)
Other Titles:	PLA submarine cross-century development 1997-2014
Authors:	周道斌;Chou, Dao-bin
Contributors:	淡江大學國際事務與戰略研究所碩士在職專班黃介正;Huang, Alexander C.
Keywords:	潛艦;中共海軍;海軍戰略;Submarine;PLA Navy;Naval Strategy
Date:	2015
Issue Date:	2016-01-22 14:42:56 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	進入21世紀，中共海軍的質量正逐漸提升當中，在新型式的「積極防禦」軍事戰略方針指導下，海軍戰略正從原本的「近海防禦」向「遠海護衛」轉型，以維護海上安全、主權利益及因應未來可能發生的海上軍事衝突。中共近年快速進行海軍軍事現代化，並推出各型新式艦艇及武器。除了航空母艦及水面艦艇之外，潛艦的發展一向均為中共海軍發展中的重點。另外受到1996年台海危機的刺激與啟發，北京當局早已開始建構反制美國航母戰鬥群的軍事手段，此即為西方所謂的反介入/區域拒止(Anti Access/ Area Denial)戰略；在這些軍事手段當中，潛艦即扮演了相當重要的角色；不論是在攻擊性還是防禦性的海軍戰略當中，中共潛艦都能夠發揮其關鍵性的實力，提供必要的海上嚇阻力量。本篇論文歸納及整理出中共潛艦現代化發展的特色。中共基於其特殊的地理環境限制及戰略需求，是目前世界上少數同時發展核動力潛艦即傳統動力潛艦的國家；中共也是目前世界上擁有潛艦的國家當中，潛艦對水面作戰艦艇比例最高的國家。受惠於國家經濟快速成長，中共潛艦現代化成效有目共睹，現代化程度從1997年的5%，到2012年時成長至70%，已經對我國、東亞鄰近國家造成海上交通現的嚴重威脅，也影響到美國的亞太再平衡政策。 Entering 21st century, the quality of PLA navy is gradually raising. Under new military strategic instruction "Aggressive Defense", their naval strategic is transforming from "Costal Defense" to " Deep Sea Defense" to secure maritime safety, sovereignty benefit and future possible maritime military conflict. In recent year, PLA has rapidly performed naval military modernization, and developed variety of new vessels and weapon. Besides of aircraft carrier and surface vessel, development of submarine has always been PLA navy''s focus. Inspired and stimulated by 1996 crisis of Taiwan strait, Beijing government started to formulate counter-measure against U.S. aircraft carrier battle group. This is so-called "Anti Access/ Area Denial" strategy by the western countries. Within military measure mentioned above, submarines play a very important role. No matter offensive or defensive naval strategy, PLA submarine is able to show its key power provide necessary sea deterrence capability. This study thoroughly induced and concluded the specialty of PLA submarine development modernization. Based on special geographical strategy requirement, PLA is one of few countries develops nuclear and convention submarine at the same time. Also FLA navy has highest ratio of submarine to surface vessels in the world. This shows that PLA is one of the countries that emphasize on submarine employment. Furthermore, benefited from economical development, PLA''s military modernization has tremendous achievement. As far as submarine, the level of modernization growth is from 1997''s 5% to 2012''s 70%. Such development growth rate, has post great threat to us and east Asia counties SLOC, and directly affect U.S.''s Asia rebalance policy.
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