西班牙文化外交之應用 : 以塞萬提斯學院為例

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Title:	西班牙文化外交之應用 : 以塞萬提斯學院為例
Other Titles:	Cultural diplomacy of Spain : evaluating the functions of the Instituto Cerventes
Authors:	陳廣庭;Chen, Kuang-Ting
Contributors:	淡江大學國際事務與戰略研究所碩士班卓忠宏;Cho, Chung-hung
Keywords:	柔性權力;文化外交;塞萬提斯學院;Soft Power;Cultural Diplomacy;Instituto Cervantes
Date:	2015
Issue Date:	2016-01-22 14:41:58 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	對於現代大國來說，為了自身利益而訴諸於武力，從人力、金錢與國際輿論來看，代價都十分龐大。柔性權力是一種能讓他人接受並認同自己文化價值的能力。柔性權力的來源有三：文化、政治價值觀與外交政策，將其中的文化與外交政策做連結，形成「文化外交」一詞，更進一步的說，文化外交就是：從思想、資訊、藝術、語言等文化的層面，與他國人民交流，也可說文化外交是以文化為主角的外交互動。由於西班牙的文化豐富多元，本文也將西班牙的文化特色並如何施展其文化外交。西班牙的文化外交規劃，是現代社會國家都在推行的政策，本文把西班牙的文化外交分為四階段：1996年以前的文化外交初期；西班牙人民黨1996年至2004年執政時期；西班牙社會勞工黨2004年至2011年執政時期；再到現階段首相拉霍伊(Rajoy)時期。對於西班牙而言，塞萬提斯學院是幫助政府推廣文化外交的重要執行者，語言是文化的載體，透過語言可以更加輕易地向外傳播文化，語言也可說是：文化柔性權力重要的推手之一。本研究從政府的「國家對外文化行動計畫PACE 2009 」與塞萬提斯學院「文化行動2009、2010與2011」做連結，並取這三年在：教學、文化活動、網路資訊與年度預算的數據與西班牙外籍生人數、觀光數據做成效評估。 The term of cultural diplomacy originates from the theory “Soft power” by Joseph Nye. He claims that soft power is having power of attraction to let others like or mimic from them. Also, we can say that soft power is an ability to accomplish one’s goals without offensive force, especially using by diplomacy or persuasion. There are three ways to execute the soft power: culture, value of politics and diplomacy. Hence, there is a term combined two executive ways of soft power, called “Cultural diplomacy”. Cultural diplomacy plays a role in preaching national thinking and ideal, aesthetic concepts, cognitions of the viewpoints in international affairs etc. to other countries. This research will present the national cultural diplomacy of Spain in four periods: before 1996, governing by Partido Popular from 1996 to 2004, governing by PSOE from 2004 to 2011, and the era of Rajoy (2011~). However, this article will only focus on the reign of PSOE during 2004 to 2011. Because the first official cultural diplomacy “ PACE” was established in this era. Although there are several ways to present the cultural diplomacy, this article will only discuss on one of the means, which is the language institute of Spain “Instituto Cervantes”. To get the main result of this study, this study will evaluate the “Plan de Accion Cultural 2009, 2010 y 2011” between “PACE”.
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute of International Affairs And Strategic Studies] Thesis

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