利用微藻薄膜系統處理生活污水之研究

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Title:	利用微藻薄膜系統處理生活污水之研究
Other Titles:	A study on the microalgae membrane system in the sewage treatment
Authors:	許之顥;Hsu, Chih-Hao
Contributors:	淡江大學水資源及環境工程學系碩士班高思懷
Keywords:	微藻薄膜系統;小球藻;超過濾(UF);微過濾(MF);薄膜濃縮;microalgae membrane system;Chlorella sp.;UF;MF;membrane concentration
Date:	2014
Issue Date:	2015-05-04 10:02:47 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	現今的污水處理方式之生物處理多以活性污泥法為主，但在廢污水處理過程中會產生大量CO2、且國內污泥產量日益增加而最終處置場地有限。在許多國內外研究均證實微藻具有同時處理廢污水中碳、氮、磷等污染物以及固定CO2之能力，且增殖之微藻可用作生質柴油原料等，能解決污泥處理處置問題。本研究為了解微藻處理生活污水可行性並克服傳統活性污泥處理之缺陷，因而利用微藻薄膜系統處理生活污水中營養鹽及有機物，觀察微藻處理生活污水之生長及營養鹽去除效率，探討利用薄膜提升微藻藻體濃度並縮短污水處理時程之可行性。由實際污水處理結果發現，將小球藻培養於經初沉池沉澱之生活污水，會受到雜菌感染而死亡；而利用超過濾(UF)及微過濾(MF)預先過濾生活污水則可去除所有懸浮固體及大部分細菌、病毒，使小球藻成為優勢種而能成功培養。在UF及MF過濾水處理方面，發現利用初始生物質量為0.08及0.05 g/L小球藻，可在120小時分別去除99.3%及89.6%氨氮；在開放式培養實驗，發現利用初始生物質量為0.06及0.38 g/L小球藻處理UF過濾水，可在5天去除95%以上之氨氮。利用初始生物質量0.43 g/L小球藻處理MF過濾水，在處理5天之氨氮去除率為77.3%。 Activated sludge is popular method of biological treatment in the sewage management. However, the operation process confronts some problems which would produce lots of CO2, increase large amount of sewage sludge and is difficult to find the final disposal site in Taiwan. Many studies have proven the microalgae can remove carbon, nitrogen and phosphorus of the sewerage and fix carbon dioxide simultaneously. Furthermore, the proliferated microalgae form the treatment process can be as the feedstock of biodiesel and also solve the problem of sludge treatment. In order to understand the feasibility about using microalgae to treat sewage and defeat the defects of conventional activated sludge method. This study used microalgae membrane system to treat the nutrients and organics of the sewage to explore the microalgae growth and remove efficiency of nutrients and organics, and increase the concentration of microalgae biomass to reduce the time of the treatment process. The results of the sewage treatment show that the microalgae would die by infecting of mixed microbe when that cultured in sewage through primary sedimentation tank. Ultrafiltration (UF) and microfiltration (MF) were used to filter the sewage, which can remove the entire suspended solid, the most of bacteria and virus to make the microalgae as dominate species. When the initial biomass of Chlorella sp. were 0.08 and 0.05 g/L, after 120h, the ammonia nitrogen remove rate were 99.3% and 89.6% respectively. In the open cultural experiment, the remove rate of ammonia nitrogen of UF water was 95% after 5 days when the initial biomass were 0.06 and 0.38 g/L. The remove rate of ammonia nitrogen of MF water was 77.3% after 5 days when the initial biomass were 0.43 g/L.
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute & Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering] Thesis

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