Implementation and design of an unmanned aerial vehicle human-machine interface using virtual reality environment

淡江大學機構典藏 > 工學院 > 電機工程學系暨研究所 > 學位論文 > Item 987654321/102688

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题名:	Implementation and design of an unmanned aerial vehicle human-machine interface using virtual reality environment
其它题名:	基於虛擬實境技術的無人航空載具人機介面設計與實作
作者:	唐銘陽;Tang, Ming-Yang
贡献者:	淡江大學電機工程學系碩士班劉寅春
关键词:	人機介面;無人航空載具;虛擬實境;航空攝影;human machine interface;unmanned aerial vehicle;Virtual Reality;aerial photography
日期:	2014
上传时间:	2015-05-04 10:01:55 (UTC+8)
摘要:	本研究動機源於現今UAV已成為低成本航空攝影的主要選擇。而UAV的人機介面通常是針對駕駛員而非任務專家所設計的，這使得任務的進度不容易被監控。因此一般的影像蒐集做法是採用相機的連拍模式，拍攝所有經過地區的影像。假設相機以1Hz的頻率拍攝，一個15分鐘的飛行任務約會收集900張照片。這個作法會造成要選擇合適的相片相當困難。也因此目前航空攝影任務的效率還有空間改善。　　本研究提出一個以虛擬實境技術建立的UAV人機介面，以視覺化的資訊來增強使用者對任務進度的認知。為了在介面中標示出相機的視野，本文提出一個以幾何特性來計算的即時視野標示法。接著，以一個視覺化流程來將UAV呈現在介面之中，以簡單的3D圖形來讓使用者能容易的判斷UAV的位置與姿態。最後，透過一個近似的涵蓋率計算法來增強使用者對任務需求的認知。　　本研究設計了一個實驗性的航空攝影任務，用以評估所提出介面的使用性。經過兩次相同條件的實驗，我們發現平均的任務執行時間以及所消耗的影像張數都有所改善。這證明了本研究所提出方法將可有效的提升UAV航空攝影任務的效率。此方法可廣泛的應用於不同的飛行控制器系統，或實作為一個獨立的控制器。 The motivation of this research comes from the Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV) has been mainly used for low-costing aerial photography mission. The user interface of the UAV us usually designed for the pilot, the interface for mission specialist however have not been established. This makes it hard for the mission specialist to monitoring the progress of the mission. Typically, the image capturing method is to use the burst mode of the camera, shooting all positions passed by. A single 15 minutes flight could collect about 900 images if camera captures at 1 Hz. The setback of this method is over coverage and difficult to choose the proper image because there were too many images. Hence, there is still plenty room for enhancing the efficiency of the task. This study proposes an UAV Human Machine Interface (HMI) using virtual reality technology. Improving the cognition of user by visualization information. We present a real time Field of View (FOV) marking methodology calculating by the characteristic of geometry. Then, we use a visualization flow to render a virtual UAV in the HMI for the purpose of easy to cognitive the status of UAV. After that, we implemented a coverage percentage calculation by using approximation method for assisting the cognition of the task’s requirement. Finally, we design an experimental aerial photography mission for evaluating the usability of proposed interface. After two experiments in the same scenario, we found that the average performance time and the numbers of captured images were improved by using this interface. The result indicates that the proposed method could improve the task efficiently. Also, this method could be widely used in different open sourced flight control system, or implement as an independent controller.
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