從定位觀點解構素食文化

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Title:	從定位觀點解構素食文化
Other Titles:	Deconstructing the Vegetarian dietary culture from the positioning theory
Authors:	林宜靜;Lin, I-Ching
Contributors:	淡江大學大眾傳播學系碩士班紀慧君;Chi, Huei-Chun
Keywords:	飲食文化;素食;定位理論;Dietary Culture;Vegetarian;positioning theory
Date:	2014
Issue Date:	2015-05-04 09:56:15 (UTC+8)
Abstract:	一直以來，飲食文化隨著社會結構不斷的轉變，從早期追求基本溫飽的功能性飲食，過渡到人們將飲食視為一種享受，進一步的到透過飲食來追求健康，而在今日，飲食已成為一種小至個人，大至文化的風格象徵。飲食已經不再只是單純的喜好選擇，而是更多不同價值觀的思考，人們開始反思自身的飲食行為，藉由更多元的思考框架來理解我們看似理所當然的飲食選擇，研究者在飲食文化的脈絡梳理中發現，最廣為討論的包含宗教信仰、道德倫理、健康、環境甚至是性別的價值觀問題。本研究將飲食劃分為「肉食」與「素食」兩種截然不同甚至相對立的飲食方式，以素食為例，藉由「定位理論」（positioning theory）的觀點，選擇四個主要的文本進行分析，來觀察素食者與肉食者如何藉由道德倫理、健康、環境以及性別四個不同但又彼此關聯的論述，來建構自我的位置，也建構他人的位置。本研究在文獻梳理以及文本的分析中發現，人們的飲食型態隨著社會結構的轉變產生了很大的不同。性別平權的觀念開始深植人們心中、醫療化社會逐漸成形，人們更重視飲食與自我的連結，進一步的，人們也開始由內而外，從對自身的關懷擴大到對環境、對不同物種的關心，「動物權」的探討也開始越來越普及。人們的價值觀隨著社會型態不斷的在轉變，也影響了我們對於飲食的選擇，吃素和吃肉不再只是單純的喜好選擇，而是一種個人風格、價值觀、信念的展現。 Today, dietary behavior become the part of culture. In this study, we analyzed dietary culture’s change through different angles including gender, health, environment and morality. For example, Peter Singer(1975) talked about ”animal rights” and thought that the “meat” is result from “Speciesism” , and we should considered that every species are equal. These days, more and more people started to respect these “vegetarianism” discourses and practiced them by showing their individual styles and beliefs. This study was divided into two distinct and opposite ways of diet, eating "meat" and "vegetarian". Vegetarians were the main objects of this paper and four main bibliographies were analyzed through the views of "positioning theory". We realized that vegetarians and meat eaters constructed self-locations by four distinct yet interrelated discourses including ethics, health, environment and gender. We found out that people’s dietary habits were changed with social structures. People paid more attention to diet, the concept of gender equality deeply rooted in people''s minds, gradually forming the medical society. People started to show more consideration for different factors from internal to external.
Appears in Collections:	[Graduate Institute & Department of Mass Communication] Thesis

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