| Abstract: | 食品安全問題連環爆發，2007 年瘦肉精事件，2008 年三聚氰胺奶粉流入台灣，2009 年福馬林菜脯，2011 年美國牛肉含瘦肉精、起雲劑事件，至2013年順丁烯二酸酐食品添加物安全事件，引發政府對於食品添加物從嚴管理，透過重懲重罰、源頭管理、流向管制、窩裡反條款、業者自律等作法，加強食品安全。
本論文針對危機發生後政府的處理過程、制度如何轉變、及如何跨部會合作等探討，所得到結論如下：一、跨部會合作：衛福部、環保署與農委會成立跨部會落實跨部會之聯繫分工合作與食品衛生安全之管理，應由源頭管理開始，從農場到餐桌。二、新法全面加重罰緩，對業者產生有效嚇阻作用，遏止廠商違法行為一再發生。三、針對食安漏洞，修正食品衛生管理法，加強食品安全控管和風險評估、加強輸入食品管理、加強食品檢驗管理，強化國內食品業者管理，以建立完善的食品安全管理體系，讓食品安全管理更加完善。四、食安問題民眾的再教育，包含食品添加物認識及分辨廣告詐欺與食品安全的不同。五、針對食品添加物非登不可政策，加強食品添加物及廠商管理。六、跨部會合作，建立完善的資訊網站及公告重大案件處理過程，使消費者安心。
食品安全管理修法把目前所有危機的控管包括源頭管理概念、食品添加物非登不可的管理、跨部會合作上資訊系統的流通、加重罰緩，雖然都是這次修法很重要的點，不過，因時代不斷變遷，民眾生活習性跟生活型態改變，現在修法只是符合現在需求，此法不是可以永久管理食安問題。
There have been numerous outbreaks of food safety crises in recent years. These crises include the addition of Clenbuterol in American-imported beef in 2007, melamine in imported milk powder in 2008, clouding agent in 2011, and the inclusion of maleic anhydride in food additives in 2013. These incidents forced the government to reinforce the management of food additives through issuing heavier fines, along with more severe punishments, source management, flow control, Leniency policy, as well as industry self-discipline practices.
The thesis focuses on the research of post-crisis governmental management, changes that should be made to the system, and improvement of the inter-ministerial cooperation. Moreover, it leads to a conclusion as follows. First, initiate the inter-ministerial cooperation. Ministry of Health and Welfare, Environmental Protection Administration, and Council of Agriculture should set up an inter-ministerial organization to improve the management of food safety. Second, impose heavier fine and more severe punishment. Third, amend Act Governing Food Safety and Sanitation to improve the management of food safety. Fourth, reeducate people about the food safety. Fifth, execute the strict policy of labeling food additives. Sixth, establish a comprehensive website for searching and announcing the resolution of major incidents, so as to increase consumer confidence.
Currently, the amendment to the law of Act Governing Food Safety and Sanitation pays more attention to the source management, food additives labeling, inter-ministerial cooperation, and imposition of a heavier fine. The amendment to the law may meet current needs, but it is unlikely to solve future food safety problems. |
