| Abstract: | 香港歷經了英國政府155年的統治，於1997年主權回歸中國政府，然而香港居民之認同議題，始終為香港社會與中國政府關注的要點，在香港發展的歷史中，於政治、經濟、社會、以及文化等不同層面上，影響著香港居民。
香港居民認同的變化，在1960年代以前，因為文化與歷史的因素，大部分的香港居民皆認同自己「中國人」；然而在戰後香港湧入大量的移民潮，第一批的嬰兒潮在1960年代後出生，開始對認同衍生出不同的看法。一般來說，「香港人」認同的說法始於1970年代，香港在1967年的大暴動、1980年代港英政府推動的本土化運動、香港繁華的經濟發展經驗、香港的社會事件、以及在回歸後中國介入香港政治等等，都是影響香港居民認同的因素。
台灣與香港在歷史經驗上相似，都曾經遭割讓給予外國勢力且受殖民，然而，今日香港已回歸中國，在政治與經濟上都深受中國政府影響。但是對於努力追求政治開放、經濟自由、社會民主的香港居民來說，對於香港政府的施政卻不盡滿意，目前香港社會對於政府所發動的社會運動，有漸漸像台灣學習的跡象，港台的未來，社會的變動、政經的局勢，在未來正值得我們去觀察。
Hong Kong, as a British colonial for 155 years, was finally returned to the Chinese Government in 1997. However, issues about the national identity of Hong Kong residents are still the main concern of Hong Kong society and the Chinese Government. There are various aspects such as political, economical, social, cultural, etc, in the history of the development of Hong Kong that are affecting the national identity recognition of Hong Kong residents.
Before the 1960s, a majority of Hong Kong residents recognized themselves as “Chinese people,” due to cultural and historical reasons. After the Second World War, a flood of immigrant came to Hong Kong and babies from the first batch of baby boom were born after 1960s. Since then, different opinions on the recognition of the national identity started flourishing. Generally speaking, the recognition of “Hong Kong people” began in the 1970s. Many events and factors influenced the national identification of Hong Kong residents, including the Leftists Riots in 1967, Localization Movement promoted by the British Hong Kong Government in the 1980s, developmental experience of the prosperous economy, social events and the political environment in Hong Kong which have been intervened by the Chinese Government since the handover in 1997.
Nevertheless, Taiwan, which shared similar history with Hong Kong, was ceded by the Chinese Government and was colonized by foreign powers. As the sovereignty of Hong Kong had already returned to China, Hong Kong has been deeply influenced by the Chinese Government politically and economically. For Hong Kong residents, who are pursuing open political environment, economic freedom and democratic society, are not satisfied with the policy made by the Hong Kong Government. The current social movements in Hong Kong have shown signs on following steps of Taiwan. Thus, the change of society, political and economic situation in Taiwan and Hong Kong are worth our observation in the future. |
