近年來，對於「如何造就創業家」的討論仍無定論，不過，許多研究顯示，決定是否創立一家新公司時，創業意圖(entrepreneurial intention)扮演舉足輕重的角色。而創業意圖即為個體在心理層面產生創業念頭的模型。其中，Ajzen(1991)發展的「計劃行為理論(Theory of Planned Behavior, TPB)」強調「態度取向」，學者認為更適合分析創業家的決定。態度取向認為，「選擇成為一位創業家」，應被合理地視為一種自決與自我意識的表現，而創業意圖則是達成創業行為前的先決要素。 Shane & Venkataraman(2000)反省創業研究是否可以成為獨立研究領域時指出，創業行為不僅是多元領域交集的衍生研究，關鍵議題更在於創業家(認知)與創業環境(資源)的互動，而創業行為則為創業家及資源環境的配適與互動的結果。因此，單方面由創業家特質或環境機能都無法完整解釋創業者的行為。事實上，在創業研究中，探討個體層次的學者強調創業家的創意行動，而巨觀層次的研究者則重視創業家周遭經濟及社會系統的差距，個體與總體層次之間忽略對話與連結，成為創業研究之重要缺口。基於以上所述，本研究旨在探討創業意圖與創業資源的關係，並進一步發展適用之衡量量表。 Early researches on factors that influence the decision to become an entrepreneur mainly focus on tacit or personality characteristics of individuals. More recently, entrepreneurial intentions models based on Ajzen’s(1991) theory of “Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB)” that emphasize on attitudes and their antecedents have been proposed to better explain the entrepreneurship process . However, most of them explained why or how entrepreneurial behavior was stimulated; seldom did they touch the interaction between entrepreneurs and the entrepreneurial environment. Shane & Venkataraman(2000), though, illustrates the interaction and relationship among entrepreneurs and entrepreneurial resources during the entrepreneurial activity; he pointed that is the gap of entrepreneurship research. While most research has aimed for a general overview of the entrepreneurial intentions, entrepreneurial activities or entrepreneurial resources, this study uses Ajzen's theory of planned behavior to build an entrepreneurial intention questionnaire (EIQ) and analyzes the factors based on the “Resource-based View (RBV)” that influence entrepreneurial behavior.
