DSpace collection: 期刊論文

2004年《性別平等教育法》對高中生選組的影響

Mon, 21 Jul 2025 04:06:22 GMT

title: 2004年《性別平等教育法》對高中生選組的影響 abstract: 《性別平等教育法》鼓勵女學生主修非傳統性別主流的學習領域。本文分析《性平法》對高中生選自然組的影響。使用資料為「台灣教育長期追蹤資料庫」及其後續調查。發現女性樣本中，《性平法》對選自然組、著重自然科學的學習、大學讀理工學門均有正面影響；但男性樣本中，《性平法》對這些變數均無影響。依公私立高中區分，公立高中分析顯示，《性平法》對女生選自然組有正面影響，對男生沒有影響；但在私立高中，《性平法》對男女選自然組均有正面影響。《性平法》對女生選自然組之影響可能與高學歷父親的性平觀念較佳，以及學習場域中，老師偏好女同學程度之上升有關。

Foreign aid and income inequality: a quasi-experimental evidence

Mon, 21 Jul 2025 04:06:18 GMT

title: Foreign aid and income inequality: a quasi-experimental evidence abstract: This article investigates the causal effect of foreign aid on income distribution. We rely upon the fact that, starting from 1987, eligibility for aid from the International Development Association has been according partly to whether a country’ per capita income is below a certain threshold, enabling a regression discontinuity design. The empirical evidence demonstrates that for those countries receiving foreign aids, their income distribution is significantly improved. In addition, we show that foreign aid lowers income inequality possibly through boosting income shares held by the lower 80% at the expense of decreasing income share held by the highest 20%.

Does the future imagination treatment affect people’s pro-environmental intention and donation decisions?

Thu, 20 Mar 2025 01:32:27 GMT

title: Does the future imagination treatment affect people’s pro-environmental intention and donation decisions? abstract: This study investigates the impact of a future imagination treatment on individuals’ pro-environmental intentions and donation behaviors, utilizing the theory of planned behavior (TPB) as a framework. A total of 442 students from National Chengchi University participated in the research, which involved an experimental group that envisioned living conditions in the year 2100 and a control group. Employing seemingly unrelated regressions and a three-stage least squares model, we analyzed the donation decisions in the context of a dictator game (Camerer in Behavioral Game Theory: Experiments in Strategic Interaction, Princeton University Press, 2011). The results revealed that the imaginary-trip-to-the-future treatment did not significantly impact pro-environmental donations. However, individuals’ intentions to mitigate climate change were positively correlated with their decisions to contribute to climate change initiatives. Additionally, key factors such as attitude, subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, and futurability were found to significantly influence these intentions, highlighting the intergenerational sustainability dilemma. These findings enhance our understanding of the complexities surrounding pro-environmental behavior and suggest potential avenues for future research aimed at promoting environmental sustainability.

美國印太經濟框架之發展與走向

Thu, 20 Mar 2025 01:32:23 GMT

title: 美國印太經濟框架之發展與走向

做自己或成為一分子？社會網絡對消費者效用的影響：代理人基模型之模擬應用

Wed, 07 Aug 2024 04:07:32 GMT

title: 做自己或成為一分子？社會網絡對消費者效用的影響：代理人基模型之模擬應用 abstract: 本文探討社會網絡對消費者效用的影響，以代理人基模擬消費者於不同網絡型態的互動，重構 Jager（2000）的模型並使用二維的效用函數。決策時間代表涉入程度，刻畫所有消費情境。模擬不同型態的社會網絡、密度、認知類型、總人數對個別消費效用的影響。並將效用函數拆解成個人與社會部份以捕捉影響主因。結果表明，任何社會網絡中，網絡愈疏散，消費者所獲得的效用愈高，原因為社會部份的效用稀釋減少；社群影響力下降，非純粹個人效用提升。檢視市場參與人數與社會網絡密度對消費者效用的影響後發現，若消費者身處適切的社會網絡，消費者效用提升。意即，較多的消費者於較疏散的網絡或較少的消費者於較密集的網絡，這二種社群環境對新進廠商相對有利，既存廠商優勢不明顯

Interplay and Implications of Urban Renewal under Dual Laws-An Agent-Based Simulation

Wed, 31 Jul 2024 04:11:57 GMT

title: Interplay and Implications of Urban Renewal under Dual Laws-An Agent-Based Simulation abstract: This article focuses on the impact of the simultaneous implementation of dual laws on urban renewal implementation. Especially when the two laws have different case success rates. We refer to the agent-based model used by Acevedo et al. (2003) for the Los Angeles City Development Study. We used the Geographic Information System (GIS) data to replace the virtual grid. We selected the data of Taipei City for simulation. Compare with the "Urban Renewal Act" and the "Statute for Expediting Reconstruction of Urban Unsafe and Old Buildings" that are currently being implemented simultaneously. Simulations and studies were conducted based on the case success rate and the gap between the two laws. The study results show that only by widening the gap between the two laws can the "Urban Renewal Act" be used at a higher rate. This means clearer enforcement scope and conditions should be set in both regulations to avoid direct conflict.

The Effects of Banks’ CSR Activities on Economic Efficiency

Tue, 23 Jul 2024 04:05:43 GMT

title: The Effects of Banks’ CSR Activities on Economic Efficiency abstract: This paper examines whether the engagement of corporate social responsibility (CSR) influences bank's economic efficiency. We compile different CSR scores from EIRIS database spanning 2003-2014 and estimate a directional input distance function with endogenous inputs and a cost frontier. The allocative inefficiency is found to outweigh technical inefficiency and most environmental variables significantly affect various inefficiencies. The exclusion of the environmental variables leads to under-estimation of efficiency scores. During the period of the financial crisis of 2007-2009, efficiency measures regress. Banks operating in Europe and America outperform those in Asia. Finally, the omission of undesirables incurs lower technical inefficiency estimates.

考慮內生要素和環境變數問題下探討我國銀行業經濟效率

Tue, 23 Jul 2024 04:05:39 GMT

title: 考慮內生要素和環境變數問題下探討我國銀行業經濟效率 abstract: 本研究改良Amsler et al.（2016, 2017）的模型，將生產要素與環境變數具有內生性問題，納入投入面方向距離函數與成本函數，分別探討我國銀行業2002-2019年的技術與成本效率，配置效率隱含在上述兩種效率之差額。推導出誤差項的機率密度函數後，採用最大概似法進行估計並計算各種效率值。實證分析結果支持方向距離函數應考慮內生要素與環境變數，成本函數也應考慮內生環境變數。樣本銀行的配置無效率比技術無效率嚴重，尤以泛公營銀行最高，外商銀行最低；將樣本期間切成兩部分，發現除外商銀行外，各種效率值有惡化趨勢；樣本銀行享有規模與範疇經濟，擴大營運規模與產品多樣化，有利降低營運成本。

Patent protection, externalities, and income inequality

Fri, 01 Mar 2024 04:05:51 GMT

title: Patent protection, externalities, and income inequality abstract: This paper develops a Schumpeterian growth model with considering consumption and leisure externalities. The main purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of patent protection policy on growth and inequality, as well as the interaction between policy effect and externalities. According to the log form utility function specification, this means that the elasticity of intertemporal substitution is unity. The following are the key findings of this paper. Patent protection policy encourages innovation and increases employment in the R&D industry, which enhances economic growth while increasing income inequality. In regard to externalities, an increase in the degree of consumption (leisure) externalities results in a higher (lower) growth rate and more (smaller) income inequality. When consumption (leisure) externality is greater intensity, the growth effect of patent protection policy becomes stronger (weaker), while its influence on expanding income inequality lessens (enhances). Finally, both the Pareto optimal patent protection policy and the optimal patent policy under the maximization of social welfare positively correlate with consumption externalities, but negatively correlate with leisure externalities.

Licensing option to reduce rent extraction by the input supplier

Fri, 01 Mar 2024 04:05:48 GMT

title: Licensing option to reduce rent extraction by the input supplier abstract: It is well known that if the final goods producers adopt new technologies, the input suppliers with market power can extract more rent from the final goods producers by increasing the input prices. Higher rent extraction by the input supplier neither allows the licenser of the new technology to earn large profit nor helps welfare to increase much. In a model with an outside innovator (the licenser), a final good producer (the licensee) and an input supplier, we offer a new perspective to the literature by considering a licensing option, which is often observed in the business world, but ignored in the literature. We show that the licensing option offered by the outside innovator can prevent rent extraction by the input supplier. The innovator's profit and social welfare are higher under licensing option compared to a standard licensing contract with no option.

中國加入區域經濟整合的挑戰：以CPTPP為例

Tue, 20 Feb 2024 04:05:49 GMT

title: 中國加入區域經濟整合的挑戰：以CPTPP為例 abstract: 中國在面對中美貿易爭端、中印邊境衝突以及中澳關係等外交與貿易的困境下，2021年提出申請加入『跨太平洋夥伴全面進步協定』（CPTPP）。自2000年加入世界貿易組織的20餘年以來，無論是在貿易總量、對外投資流量與存量都已名列前茅，儼然由世界工廠轉換為世界市場，在世界貿易供應鏈中已然成為不可或缺的角色。然而，CPTPP的高水平與高規格規範，中國必須在國營企業、投資仲裁、環境永續等方面持續改善才有助於區域整合的融入。另方面，因應疫情後全球數位經濟加速成長，中國也在2022發布《「十四五」數字經濟發展規劃》，以加強關鍵數位技術創新應用、推動數位產業化、推進產業數位化轉型等三大政策推動數位經濟發展。儘管中國在2020年率先全球發行數位人民幣，但是資本管制、法律制度、隱私保障等都會影響國際對數位人民幣的信任，因此，人民幣要動搖美元在國際金融的地位絕非易事。

泰國能源與經濟發展的思路與策略

Tue, 20 Feb 2024 04:05:46 GMT

title: 泰國能源與經濟發展的思路與策略 abstract: 本文使用英國石油公司的能源資料庫與世界銀行資料庫，採用向量自迴歸模型來估計1999年至2019年的經濟成長、資本使用量、勞動量以及能源消耗（含非再生能源與再生能源）之間的因果關係。結果顯示，非再生能源消耗會帶動經濟成長的變化，但是經濟成長無法解釋非再生能源消耗的變化，即單向因果關係；然而，再生能源消耗與經濟成長存在雙向因果關係。泰國在再生能源的發展上具有幾項優勢：（1）環境面，處於熱帶地區，擁有充足日照，具備太陽能發展潛力；（2）產業結構面，屬於農業出口國，提供生質能源的燃料來源；（3）投資面，2020年泰國經商環境排名全球第21名。換句話說，透過推動再生能源的相關政策，除了帶來經濟成長的好處外。泰國同時也努力在2030年前，達成永續發展指標中「確保所有的人都可取得負擔得起、可靠、永續及現代的能源」的目標。

Insights into the accuracy of social scientists' forecasts of societal change

Wed, 19 Jul 2023 04:05:45 GMT

title: Insights into the accuracy of social scientists' forecasts of societal change abstract: How well can social scientists predict societal change, and what processes underlie their predictions? To answer these questions, we ran two forecasting tournaments testing the accuracy of predictions of societal change in domains commonly studied in the social sciences: ideological preferences, political polarization, life satisfaction, sentiment on social media, and gender–career and racial bias. After we provided them with historical trend data on the relevant domain, social scientists submitted pre-registered monthly forecasts for a year (Tournament 1; N = 86 teams and 359 forecasts), with an opportunity to update forecasts on the basis of new data six months later (Tournament 2; N = 120 teams and 546 forecasts). Benchmarking forecasting accuracy revealed that social scientists’ forecasts were on average no more accurate than those of simple statistical models (historical means, random walks or linear regressions) or the aggregate forecasts of a sample from the general public (N = 802). However, scientists were more accurate if they had scientific expertise in a prediction domain, were interdisciplinary, used simpler models and based predictions on prior data.

Does ownership structure matter for overshooting manipulation of hospitality and tourism stocks?

Wed, 19 Jul 2023 04:05:43 GMT

title: Does ownership structure matter for overshooting manipulation of hospitality and tourism stocks? abstract: We investigate whether the function of ownership structure influences stock price overshooting manipulation for Taiwan Stock Exchange-listed tourism and hospitality firms because stock price overshooting occurs frequently for these firms after Chinese authorities relax restrictions on tourists visiting Taiwan. As a result, we demonstrate that some of these firms with a poorly functioning ownership structure may manipulate their share prices, resulting in overshooting phenomena, especially for stock price overbought phenomena. Following that, we discover that the directors and managers of these firms reduce their shareholdings, implying that such firms are likely to have corporate governance issues

數位平臺經濟之結合管制

Wed, 21 Jun 2023 04:05:11 GMT

title: 數位平臺經濟之結合管制 abstract: 本文從產業經濟學近年研究成果的整理入手，分析數位平臺之主要類型、市場特性、競爭要素及產業趨勢，並據以分析此種新興的事業型態對結合管制帶來之挑戰。數位平臺產業以雙（多）邊市場為主要事業型態，並有以下共同特徵：網路效應強、邊際成本低、規模經濟與範疇經濟顯著、不透明的平臺干預與全球競爭。雖然不同產業間仍有差異（尤其在不同類型平臺之間），以上特性互相加乘的結果，令此類產業的競爭生態異於傳統產業，並以網路效應之方向與強度、數據資料之近用可能性、成本與質量、平臺遷移或多棲之可能性以及創新與研發之能量等為最關鍵的競爭要素。在產業趨勢上，最重要的特徵就是以生態系間之動態競爭為主軸。由此角度觀察，就會發現Google、Apple、Facebook、Amazon 和Microsoft（GAFAM）等數位經濟巨人，雖然在各自的核心市場所向披靡，卻仍面臨強大的競爭壓力。基於以上之產業特色，數位平臺市場對結合管制帶來多重的挑戰。其中，最顯著、受到競爭法學界與實務界最多關注者，莫過於相關市場界定之問題，本文闢專章詳加討論，並建議改用比較彈性之方法來界定市場。結合管制之其他面向，從集中度之計算、結合影響評估到結合效益評估等等，本文亦依序檢討、分析主要之困難所在，並提出非常初步的因應對策建議。

父母的性別偏好對國中子女升學和高中職主修領域選擇的影響-以「台灣青少年計畫」樣本為例

Wed, 10 May 2023 09:44:12 GMT

title: 父母的性別偏好對國中子女升學和高中職主修領域選擇的影響-以「台灣青少年計畫」樣本為例 abstract: 本文使用「台灣青少年計畫」，檢視父母的性別偏好對國中子女升學與高中職主修領域選擇的影響。父母的性別偏好是透過生育停止法則分別定義女孩面對父母偏好兒子和男孩面對父母偏好女兒。結果顯示，在國中升學率趨於100％下，父母的性別偏好對國中子女升學及升學類型均沒有顯著的影響，但父母的性別偏好則會顯著影響子女在高中職主修領域的選擇。在高中端，來自於父母偏好兒子家庭的女孩與父母偏好女兒家庭的男孩均較可能選社會組。在高職端，來自於父母偏好兒子家庭的女孩較可能選女性主流職群，來自於父母偏好女兒家庭的男孩較不會選女性主流職群。這些結果表示，當父母重男輕女的觀念轉為男女平等時，高中職主修領域的性別區隔程度應能有所改善。 Using the data of the Taiwan Youth Project, the paper examines the effect of parents’ gender preference on children’s high school outcomes and choice of field of study in senior and vocational high schools. Based on the fertility stopping rule, the paper efines girls whose parents’ preference is for a son and boys whose parents’ preference is for a daughter. The results indicate that the parents’ gender preference has no effect on high school outcomes of children, because the opportunity to enter high school is close to 100%. However, this gender preference significantly affects children’s choice of field of study. For senior high school students, both the effect of girls’ parental preference for a son and the effect of boys’ parental preference for a daughter on the choice of “social science program” are positive. For vocational high school students, girls whose parents prefer a son are more likely to choose women-stereotyped fields of study, while boys whose parents prefer a daughter are less likely to choose women-stereotyped fields of study. These results suggest that when parents’ gender preference for a son is reduced and their gender preference for children turns to gender equality, the degree of gender segregation in fields of study for senior and vocational high schools can be alleviated.

Is price undertaking a more friendly protection policy than an anti-dumping duty?

Fri, 28 Apr 2023 09:43:55 GMT

title: Is price undertaking a more friendly protection policy than an anti-dumping duty? abstract: It is generally believed that price undertaking is a more amicable protection policy for a foreign dumping firm than an anti-dumping (AD) duty as the former allows the foreign dumping firm to keep the duty rents. However, this result contradicts the empirical finding in, who shows that only 41% of anti-dumping measures in EEC end up with price undertaking in 1981–2001, even though firms can commit to a minimum price instead of being imposed with an anti-dumping duty. From the perspective of the dumping firm, this paper shows that whether the price-undertaking police is more or less amicable than the AD duty is contingent upon the competition modes of the firms in the industry.

析論國際運動仲裁院與運動員自由權利限制之法律議題－由運動禁藥管制規範影響運動員參賽案例出發

Fri, 28 Apr 2023 09:43:52 GMT

title: 析論國際運動仲裁院與運動員自由權利限制之法律議題－由運動禁藥管制規範影響運動員參賽案例出發 abstract: 緒論：國際運動仲裁院（CAS）自1984年開始運作後，已成為解決運動爭議之主要方式，如處理違反運動禁藥管制、參賽資格及裁判判決之項目。方法：本文先透過奧運、帕運規範與近期新聞，以及德國Claudia Pechstein案件之研析，掌握該爭端解決機制之運作與其權源。另因於中華奧會或其他運動組織為民間團體，透過渠等規範與CAS仲裁，如已限制或影響運動員參賽，其適法性為何？結果：經研析文獻與司法實務發現，透過奧林匹克憲章或IPC Handbook適用CAS，並透過此一連結搭配運動仲裁規則，有利於解決運動爭議及保障權利。然在我國，無論是國民體育法或運動禁藥管制辦法，對於運動員自由權利之限制，特別是運動禁藥管制規範，與民間團體有無受託行使公權力，皆未明文。結論：本文建議主管機關對於運動員之自由權利，應更予重視。必要時，可透過修法或其他方式予以完備。

數位經濟時代之信任服務——論多層次傳銷管理法電子文件規範

Fri, 28 Apr 2023 09:43:50 GMT

title: 數位經濟時代之信任服務——論多層次傳銷管理法電子文件規範 abstract: 在數位經濟時代內，廣泛運用電子文件與電子簽章之信任服務已為常態，除歐盟立法規範成員國承認其法律效力等同紙本書面與簽名印文、與數位貿易相關的國際協定也多有相同或類似約定。然多層次傳銷管理法第13條規定多層次傳銷事業應與傳銷商締結書面參加契約，且此書面不得以電子文件為之。同法第16條第3項亦有此類限制性規定。值此科技發展時代，我國現行多層次傳銷事業與傳銷商之書面參加契約仍限制電子文件之使用，似有討論維持或調整之必要。本文擬分由學理與實務，透過蒐研國內外法規與實務資料，如歐盟eIDAS規則、司法院大法官解釋，檢視公平會、傳銷事業及傳銷商三者間之關係，俾供未來研議或規範精進，以符數位經濟時代與便民服務等需求。

Mind the gap: Analyzing factors associated with consumers' single-use product reduction

Fri, 28 Apr 2023 09:43:47 GMT

title: Mind the gap: Analyzing factors associated with consumers' single-use product reduction abstract: In order to explore a path benefiting sustainable consumption, this article sets out to study the factors associated with consumers' single-use (SU) product reduction using an extended model based on the theory of planned behavior (TPB). We analyze 1680 questionnaires collected via the Environment module of the 2020 Taiwan Social Change Survey that is characterized by a self-reported behavior-intention gap (BIG) found in the data set. Considering the heterogeneity of the BIG, the estimated results of partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) show that the extended TPB model provides a good explanation of the consumers' intentions except for the subgroup of respondents with a large BIG. This finding suggests that, when using theories of reasoned action such as the TPB for research, one should consider the heterogeneity of respondents to draw effective policy implications for each group. As for those respondents with a non-discernible or small BIG, increasing consumers' perceived behavioral control, such as reducing the inconvenience of applying SU substitutes, plays an important role in enhancing the consumers' intentions to reduce their usage of SU products. It is noteworthy that SU recyclable or SU biodegradable substitutes may be viewed by some consumers as environmentally friendly and therefore weaken their intentions to reduce the use of SU products. This greenwashing effect is evidenced by the results for the respondents with a medium BIG. The above difference in the greenwashing effect is not discovered if the heterogeneity of the BIG is not taken into consideration.

Financial integration and the comparative advantage of exports

Fri, 28 Apr 2023 09:43:44 GMT

title: Financial integration and the comparative advantage of exports abstract: We use a cross-country cross-industry unbalanced panel dataset to examine whether countries with a higher degree of international financial integration exhibit a greater comparative advantage in the exports of industries that rely more on external financing. Our results indicate that financial integration can be a source of comparative advantage, especially for industries relying more on external finance. However, the benefits of financial integration also depend on a country’s quality of economic and legal institutions. The pros and cons of international financial integration are still being debated in the literature. Our study adds empirical evidence to the beneficial effects of financial integration on real economic activity.

Corporate social responsibility, social optimum, and the environment-growth tradeoff

Fri, 28 Apr 2023 09:43:40 GMT

title: Corporate social responsibility, social optimum, and the environment-growth tradeoff abstract: This paper examines the implications of environmental corporate social responsibility (CSR) for the environment-growth tradeoff and social optimum in a dynamic general equilibrium growth model. We show that environmental CSR activity loosens the tradeoff between the environment and growth, but it cannot achieve the social optimum. Firm participation in environmental CSR induces the perceived CSR of green consumers and increases their willingness to pay. Because the environmental CSR promotes more consumption and increases growth, the environment-growth tradeoff loosens up in the competitive equilibrium. However, to translate the CSR perceived benefits into their profits, firms need some degree of monopoly power to set their prices to capture the stronger demand. CSR is thus promoted as a marketing strategy to help companies achieve their competitive advantage, and becomes a way of product differentiation in the environment of monopolistic competition. Since monopoly power serves as a catalyst, CSR alone cannot achieve the first-best optimum in terms of the environment and growth by fully removing the distortions caused by market imperfection.

The Effect of Dishonest Sellers on E-commerce: An Agent-Based Modeling Approach

Tue, 05 Jul 2022 04:10:18 GMT

title: The Effect of Dishonest Sellers on E-commerce: An Agent-Based Modeling Approach abstract: This paper studies dishonest sellers in the e-commerce market, specifically their impact on the market under different conditions. We consider the role of consumers’social and individual learning and social network branches on the market. We rely on a quality uncertainty market model (Izquierdo et al., 2007) and a trust game model (Wierzbicki et al., 2014) to establish an agent-based model. Our approach considers the proportion of honest and dishonest sellers, the reputation of sellers, and the expectation of quality among consumers after purchasing the goods. The results of the study reveal that when dishonest sellers appear in a market with a high degree of quality uncertainty, there is a negative impact on the market, including a decline in consumer expected quality of products in the market, a decrease in commodity transaction volume and market price, and a decrease in seller income. The impact is more pronounced in markets with a higher proportion of dishonest sellers.

Efficiency of the Experimental Prediction Market: Public Information, Belief Evolution, and Personality Traits

Tue, 05 Jul 2022 04:10:14 GMT

title: Efficiency of the Experimental Prediction Market: Public Information, Belief Evolution, and Personality Traits abstract: This paper examines the ability of markets to aggregate information so that the price generated from the market contains the best estimate of all the available information. The paper investigates how individuals “update” their initial beliefs from their public and private information in light of market prices. In particular, the paper looks at individuals' weighting of public information versus private information. Also, the volume of information in the market via an increased number of traders with private information has a positive impact on the quality of the market price. Lastly, the personality traits of the traders seem to provide some positive impact if the traders are diverse in terms of the proportion of "efficient and organized" traders in the market.

Openness-Inflation Nexus in Alternative Monetary Regimes

Thu, 14 Apr 2022 04:10:42 GMT

title: Openness-Inflation Nexus in Alternative Monetary Regimes abstract: By applying an endogenous switching regression model to a sample of 64 countries, this article explores whether the effect of trade openness on inflation is influenced by the adoption of inflation targeting (IT). The outcome indicates that, while there exists a significant and negative impact of trade openness on inflation in the non-IT countries with flexible exchange rate system, the effect is negligible in the IT economies. In addition, the above differential inflation effect of trade openness across IT and non-IT regimes is only present in the developing subsample with flexible exchange rate system, but not the developed counterpart. Moreover, apart from trade openness, financial openness reinforces inflation in those developing countries not adopting IT, whereas no such significant effect is found in developing countries adopting IT. Instead of inflation, further results show that trade openness lowers inflation volatility both in developing and developed countries not adopting IT, yet the impact is smaller in developed country group. However, no such statistically significant link is found in developing and developed countries that adopt IT.

超高齡社會下勞動市場的影響與挑戰

Thu, 13 Jan 2022 04:11:46 GMT

title: 超高齡社會下勞動市場的影響與挑戰

從外溢效果初探區域經濟整合的發展 ─以 RCEP 為例

Sat, 08 Jan 2022 04:10:20 GMT

title: 從外溢效果初探區域經濟整合的發展 ─以 RCEP 為例 abstract: 當美國、歐洲以及已開發國家逐漸面臨人口增長停滯所帶來少子化與高齡化的同時，東協國家憑藉自身豐富的自然資源與年輕勞動力帶來的人口紅利逐步深耕於亞太地區的貿易協定，進而形成15國聯合簽署的RCEP。本文以區域整合的新功能主義作為分析的理論架構，觀察RCEP的整合是否能以「外溢效果」（spillover effect）推進成員的國經濟利益，並反思未能加入東亞區域整合的台灣如何擺脫被邊緣化的隱憂。值得注意的是，由於東協成員國間在經濟、人口、社會以及文化等方面皆有各自的優勢與弱點，目前RCEP協議中尚無教育水平的提升或勞工權益的談判，因此，區域經濟整合的效果，對於全球產業供應鏈的影響仍需持續關注。

區塊鏈科技應用對博物館數位著作蒐藏之影響與因應－以著作權代幣化後之可能法律議題為例

Thu, 06 Jan 2022 04:12:15 GMT

title: 區塊鏈科技應用對博物館數位著作蒐藏之影響與因應－以著作權代幣化後之可能法律議題為例 abstract: 區塊鏈科技自2008年底問世後，在金融或運輸等產業應用已蔚成風潮。因其具備可追蹤追溯及不易竄改之特色，有助於簡化流程、避免中介機構剝削，及能確保資料安全與掌握數位足跡。且結合代幣等功能，可使高價值之商品或服務所有權，或著作權等無形資產，讓更多人享有，如自2019年起已有部分企業，將藝術品與區塊鏈之代幣技術進行結合。而2021年之NFT（Non-Fungible Tokens）應用，更讓許多純數位著作，如一則Twitter訊息，於拍賣創下天價。因博物館主要任務為蒐藏、研究、展示、教育及公共服務，尤其確認蒐藏適法性為博物館管理重點之一。本文透過檢視現行法規及國內外案例，聚焦數位著作搭配區塊鏈代幣化應用，所生《民法》之所有權及《著作權法》之授權兩項議題；研析後認為適法性已非窒礙，且此類純數位著作應有利於保存與利用。然在科技應用與蒐藏決策之間，面對強調特殊性、珍稀或管理需求之典藏品，其數位化、代幣化後，是否可以打破博物館經營者既有思考框架，決定納入典藏範圍等，突破關鍵應在於對新興科技之信任。

線上直播健身課程之可能法律議題與因應建議

Thu, 06 Jan 2022 04:12:13 GMT

title: 線上直播健身課程之可能法律議題與因應建議 abstract: 數位經濟時代下，相關產業常結合網路或科技應用，運動也不例外。除了討論具體技術，法令遵循議題亦不可忽略。本文目的在於由法令遵循解析美國Peloton公司帶起之線上直播健身課程風潮，聚焦業者聘僱教練製作影片衍生之可能法律議題。透過文獻分析與實務判決摘要，以著作權法與勞動基準法之競業禁止為核心，兼顧消費者保護法部分規範。分析結果發現與以往分別藉由所需軟、硬體，創造運動風氣之作法有異，透過線上直播健身課程之方式，除可形成正向循環，相關營運規劃或權益保護之關鍵，在於該課程之產出能否符合著作權法之原創性，及聘請教練製作影片時，應注意競業禁止與授權約定等。最終，諸如著作權歸屬、授權範圍或相關要項，本文提出因應建議，如契約之具體約定，以供運動產業經營者及從業人員參考。

高中職畢業生職涯發展及就業態樣之資料蒐整及分析

Thu, 19 Aug 2021 04:12:10 GMT

title: 高中職畢業生職涯發展及就業態樣之資料蒐整及分析 abstract: 本研究整合教育部高中職畢業生和勞動部投保薪資行政資料，並訂定學生升學和就業的相關指標，藉此勾勒高中職畢業生職涯發展及就業態樣，提供個人端職涯探索與定位。同時亦可提供養成端職涯輔導與培育、需求端人力盤點與媒合、政府端政策盤點與擬訂。具體而言，本研究結合了教育部高中職畢業生資料和大專院校新生入學資料，以及勞動部勞保投保資料和職前訓練資料依序分析：1.高中職畢業生的畢業流向，2.高中職畢業生就業樣態。此外，本研究亦以深度訪談的方式來探索量化分析無法觸及之議題。最後，藉由研究發現，本研究依照升學或就業的執掌主管機關不同，將之分為「教育面」與「勞動面」，依照短期和長期角度來進行「教育面」與「勞動面」的政策建議。

高等教育的非金錢回報：論高等教育與非金錢收入工作特性、健康與福祉及成癮行為之關聯性

Fri, 11 Jun 2021 04:14:56 GMT

title: 高等教育的非金錢回報：論高等教育與非金錢收入工作特性、健康與福祉及成癮行為之關聯性 abstract: 理論上，教育可被視為一種投資。文獻在討論教育金錢報酬已累積豐盛的成果，但著墨在高等教育非金錢報酬仍然有限。目前國內文獻尚未有系統性檢視高等教育的非金錢報酬。本文使用「臺灣青少年成長歷程研究」資料，檢視學歷與非金錢收入工作特性、健康與福祉及成癮行為的關係。學歷分為專科以下、大學和碩博士。非金錢收入工作特性包括目前是否有工作、職業聲望、職業社經地位、工作福利、工作與所學的相關程度、工作滿意度；健康與福祉涵蓋健康、快樂、生活滿意度；成癮行為包括抽菸、喝酒。針對二元和連續型被解釋變數、多元類別被解釋變數，實證模型分別採用一般迴歸模型、多元邏輯迴歸模型。結果顯示，學歷為大學以上者目前有工作的比例高於專科以下者。相較專科以下，大學和碩博士者較可能從事職業聲望、職業社經地位和福利較佳的工作，其工作與所學的專長領域較為密切。其次，大學和碩博士者在健康評價較高，成癮行為的比例較低。雖然單獨來看，每一項實證結果無法直接證明高等教育非金錢報酬的存在，但結合所有實證結果來看，高等教育應有提供勞動市場內外非金錢收入的好處。這些結果有助於我們理解，即使高等教育的金錢報酬呈下降趨勢，人們對高等教育需求仍舊強烈。 In economics theory, education is viewed as a financial investment. The financial returns on education are well documented, but attention to the non-pecuniary returns of higher education is still very limited in the literature. Moreover, this issue has not been systematically studied based on a Taiwanese sample. This paper uses the Taiwan Youth Project to examine the relationships between highest degree and non-pecuniary-related job characteristics, health, well-being, and addictive behaviors. Diplomas are classified into below college, bachelor's, master's and Ph.D. The non-pecuniary job characteristics considered in the paper are current job status, occupational prestige scores, occupational socioeconomic status scores, work benefits, to what degree one's job is related to one's major, and job satisfaction. The measures of well-being include being happy about one's life and satisfaction with life. The addictive behaviors are smoking and drinking. The paper uses an ordinary least squares regression model when the dependent variable is binary, but a multinomial logit model when the dependent variable has multiple categories. Results indicate that compared with those without a college degree, individuals with a college degree or above have a higher likelihood of having a job. They are likely to work in a job with a better occupational prestige score and occupational socioeconomic status score, and have more work benefits and a job more closely related to their field of expertise. In addition, their subjective health evaluation is better, and they are less likely to have addictive behaviors relative to those without a college diploma. Taken individually, each piece of the empirical results is not sufficient to prove the existence of non-pecuniary returns of higher education, but combined, all the results suggest that higher education brings non-pecuniary benefits both inside and outside of the labor market. These results help us understand one of the possible reasons behind the phenomenon that even though the pecuniary returns of higher education are declining, people's demand for higher education is still strong.

菲律賓市場自由化與經濟政策初探

Thu, 15 Apr 2021 04:12:48 GMT

title: 菲律賓市場自由化與經濟政策初探 abstract: 菲律賓自1986年經歷「人民力量革命 (People Power Revolution)」，經濟逐漸從腐敗政權中復甦。然而，菲律賓長期忽略製造業的發展，本文擬以「製造業、農企業及服務業間的連結」作為產業發展藍圖，探討菲律賓的進出口產品與國家、勞動政策以及自由貿易協定的簽訂等面向。整體來說，近年來菲律賓政府加強基礎建設的製造，有助於引資金投入，創造更多就業，持續經濟成長。另外，菲律賓作為世界最大的勞動輸出國，如果遍佈世界各地的菲律賓海外勞工大舉歸巢，影響所及亦可想像。

「疫常時代」勞動市場面面觀與數位化加速下之因應

Wed, 24 Mar 2021 04:10:18 GMT

title: 「疫常時代」勞動市場面面觀與數位化加速下之因應

學歷和主修領域對薪資影響 — 以「台灣青少年計畫」為例

Fri, 05 Mar 2021 04:12:01 GMT

title: 學歷和主修領域對薪資影響 — 以「台灣青少年計畫」為例 abstract: 本文使用「台灣青少年計畫」，檢視學歷和主修領域對薪資的影響。薪資的衡量爲第一份和最近一份工作時薪。在考慮三種大學類型下，學歷分爲未上大學、大學（私立、一般國立和頂尖國立大學）、研究所（私立大學、一般國立大學和頂尖國立大學研究所），主修分成「人文社會農」和「理工醫」。發現：（1）在未考慮主修領域下，同等學歷中，一般國立與私立大學的薪資無顯著差異，頂尖國立大學的薪資高於私立大學；（2）相同大學類型中，學歷的提升對薪資有正向影響。在考慮主修領域下，前述結果仍多數成立。（3）最高學歷的大學類型才對薪資有影響之效果。（4）在未考慮主修領域下，同等學歷中，不同大學類型在轉職薪資變化上無顯著差異，而研究所轉職薪資變化高於大學。即使考慮主修領域，這些結果仍多數成立。

How do advantage players exploit casinos' premium offers? Simulations and solutions

Thu, 04 Mar 2021 04:15:05 GMT

title: How do advantage players exploit casinos' premium offers? Simulations and solutions abstract: This paper uses computational and stochastic measures to demonstrate the negative impacts on the casino business of advantage players that legally rely on their knowledge to continuously make profits at licensed casinos worldwide. We present the stochastic process utilized by the advantage players to make profits from premium offers. We show in detail how players estimate the probability of reaching the win goal, the net-expected-win value, and the total expected return. In addition, a simulation is conducted to determine the amount of the starting capital that is needed before participating in games. The findings provide significant implications that advantage players are capable of exploiting premium offers and profiting from the casinos.

從博物館經營談未成年人文化近用之可能法律議題

Thu, 21 Jan 2021 04:10:20 GMT

title: 從博物館經營談未成年人文化近用之可能法律議題

The effects of parallel trade in two-sided markets

Mon, 18 Jan 2021 04:10:30 GMT

title: The effects of parallel trade in two-sided markets abstract: This study investigates the effects of parallel imports in two-sided markets, which may increase profits for manufacturers when products have a two-sided market nature. Additionally, parallel imports increase consumer surplus and social welfare in all countries if the network externalities from both sides are large enough. However, if one externality is small while the other is large, parallel imports can hurt consumers and welfare in all countries.

Spatial Effects of Uneven Regional Development on the Efficiency of the Banking Industry in China

Wed, 11 Nov 2020 04:10:47 GMT

title: Spatial Effects of Uneven Regional Development on the Efficiency of the Banking Industry in China abstract: The semiparametric geographically weighted regression (GWR) analysis showed that before the financial crisis, a higher degree of financial industry agglomeration enabled banks to benefit more from agglomeration economies, which led to the banks’ improved cost efficiency. The effect was particularly significant for Chongqing and nearby western region as well as for Beijing and the nearby Bohai Economic Rim. However, following the financial crisis, market size became essential for improving the banks' cost efficiency; such a phenomenon was significantly prominent in Inner Mongolia, Hebei, Shanxi, and Gansu, four provinces with the degree of industrial agglomeration higher than their financial industry agglomeration. Regarding the banks' profit efficiency, before the financial crisis, regions with frequent economic and trade activities (e.g., Sichuan and Chongqing in west region and the eastern coastal region) had a higher financial industry agglomeration that resulted in superior profit efficiency.

數位科技時代人才選訓面對的課題與挑戰－以臺灣中小企業為例

Wed, 11 Nov 2020 04:10:45 GMT

title: 數位科技時代人才選訓面對的課題與挑戰－以臺灣中小企業為例 abstract: 數位科技時代，各行各業都需面對科技升級或數位轉型的課題。在各個轉型升級的環節中，均需要對應之人力供給。但是，各環節或各領域的專才人數，可能無法滿足現階段產業用人需求。尤其中小企業近年面臨缺工缺才考驗，在就業市場上對人才的吸引力，本就不如知名大企業，更遑論是聘雇數位時代所需之升級轉型人才。本文透過探訪我國製造業、資通訊服務業、批發零售業、專業科學及技術服務業之中小企業，針對科技升級或數位轉型過程的人才選訓作法與策略，進行質化研究，據以提出政府可予以協助之面向及建言。

區塊鏈存證應用於司法數位證據之芻議

Wed, 11 Nov 2020 04:10:44 GMT

title: 區塊鏈存證應用於司法數位證據之芻議