DSpace collection: 期刊論文

媒介物質性與生態倫理：評介Jussi Parikka的《媒介地質學》

title: 媒介物質性與生態倫理：評介Jussi Parikka的《媒介地質學》

數位文化的環境脈絡：身處於人類世的人文研究

title: 數位文化的環境脈絡：身處於人類世的人文研究 abstract: 本場講座將探討為何需要將數位文化與運算視為當代環境議題與生態挑戰的一部分。我們可從兩個角度理解「數位文化的環境」：一方面，在不斷變化的地景中觀察數位化在具體場域中的影響；另一方面，數位文化的環境同時構成我們的生態處境，理解運算活動本身也涉及其對生態的影響與利害關係。這種關注運算文化的行星尺度視角始於特定的地點：從芬蘭東南部的企業伺服器農場到臺灣的科技產業。這種視角既能揭示數據化在全球各地的影響，也有助於理解媒介研究不僅應關注傳統的人類溝通議題，也同樣有必要探討水資源與能源等環境問題。近年來，環境媒介研究逐漸關注「人類世」下的地理面向。我希望延續這一脈絡，討論媒介與傳播研究，以及更廣泛的人文學科，在當前情境中能作出何種貢獻。當我們開始正視自身所留下的物質足跡時，我們生產知識的方式會發生哪些變化？例如，農業數據化等新興研究領域，如何與人文學科關注的核心議題──即大規模環境變遷時代的人類世──建立關聯？此外，我們是否也可基於這一主題探討方法論上的問題？

Jussi Parikka媒介研究的行星思維：從物質性重思人類世的傳播生態

title: Jussi Parikka媒介研究的行星思維：從物質性重思人類世的傳播生態

超越平台限制：地圖法、非平台資料與數位反身性之使用經驗探究

title: 超越平台限制：地圖法、非平台資料與數位反身性之使用經驗探究 abstract: 本研究針對數位平台在捕捉跨平台行為與使用者主體經驗上的結構性限制，提出一套整合地圖繪製與敘事訪談的資料方法。藉由視覺化再現，將使用感知與平台互動經驗轉化為可分析文本，補足數據資料難以呈現之「觀看的我－意識－行動的我」使用者經驗，揭示了「使用者不等於使用之人」下的策略性適應與數位反身性動態，為後平台研究提供新的觀察架構。本研究有效突破平台數據遮蔽，深化對數位經驗複雜性及使用者能動性的理解。

資訊圖表明度與色相對比於不同學歷閱讀體驗影響之研究

title: 資訊圖表明度與色相對比於不同學歷閱讀體驗影響之研究 abstract: 現今科技正已急遽的速度進畫著，我們正身處一個訊息迅速傳播的時代。在這股資訊的洪流中資訊圖表能有精準地吸引受眾的注意力，進而達到資訊傳遞的目的。人的視覺接收，色彩是最先被接受到的，因此本論文研究色彩配置在資訊圖表中的使用，並從「明度對比」與「色相對比」的角度切入，探討各學歷，在接受資訊圖表圖像資訊時，不同色相與明度對比下閱讀體驗的影響程度。本研究從「色相對比」與「明度對比」兩面向切入，分別由類似色相對比、對比色相對比、互補色相對比與明度對比低、原始明度搭配、明度對比高各三種不同的比較變項構成，並由KJ法挑選出實驗的繪製作品，進行圖表在色相與明度上的重繪進行實驗。再經由專家訪談歸納出相關的關鍵字搭配重繪的作品進行問卷設計。問卷結果經過卡方檢定或費雪精確檢定之統計驗後，首先得出明度對比與色相對比不同學歷間的偏好差異，再將此差異進行交叉比對分析，進而整理出資訊圖表在不同學歷間閱讀的影響樣貌，所得出以下三點結論以供後續延伸研究之參考： 1. 在各學歷層級中，在暖色調與冷色調的組合下，較偏好明度對比低的配色組合。但在冷色調與中間色調，以及純粹中間色調的組合中，則皆偏好明度對比高。 2. 高中大學與碩士以上在冷色調與暖色調的偏好程度各有不同。但是以中間色調為主進行色彩配置時，則一致偏好互補色相對比。 3. 學歷以及年紀較高者，需增強色相對比才能有較佳的效果。

資訊圖表明度對比配色對觀者閱讀體驗之影響程度

title: 資訊圖表明度對比配色對觀者閱讀體驗之影響程度 abstract: 在資訊爆炸的年代，利用資訊圖表來快速傳遞各種資訊成為當代的顯學。而在這個扁平化設計、減法設計盛行的年代，簡化資訊圖表的內容複雜度也越加重要。色彩作為圖像傳遞時最先被大腦所接收的資訊，本文以對比配色中的明度對比切入，探討受眾在資訊圖表中，不同明度對比下閱讀體驗的影響程度。本研究分別以「明度對比低」、「原始配色」、「明度對比高」作為比較變項，對其中的閱讀體驗進行分析，經專家分類進行實驗樣品取樣後，再經由卡方檢定或是費雪精確檢定之統計驗證，進而整理出資訊圖表中明度對比在閱讀體驗的影響樣態，最後整理歸納出以下三點結論，可供相關設計之繪製應用參考： 1. 只要維持一定程度的色相對比，即使明度對比較低，但在資訊的理解程度上，與原始配色、明度對比高的相比，並未有明顯差異。但若是色相對比差異不大，則明度對比越高，越能獲得較佳的資訊理解程度。 2. 資訊圖表為統整性的視覺呈現，資訊的理解程度並不等於有相同的適閱性。色相對比足夠的情況下，明度對比低的配色能夠獲得較佳的閱讀舒適度。相對地，色相對比不足時，提高明度對比固然可以增強資訊理解程度，但在閱讀舒適度上並未有相同的效果。 3. 圖形結構相同複雜度情況下，色相對比增強，即使明度對比低，也能獲得較強的注目度。

啟程總是從地圖展開，故事經由地圖而廣為流傳

title: 啟程總是從地圖展開，故事經由地圖而廣為流傳

校準正典歷史：媒介考古學式的媒介研究

title: 校準正典歷史：媒介考古學式的媒介研究 abstract: 本文評介《媒介考古學：方法、路徑與意涵》（Erkki Huhtamo與Jussi Parikka編）一書。該書收錄，諸如：恩斯特、帕瑞卡以及皮亞斯等人之作，旨在闡述媒介考古學式的研究，婉拒以線性進步的歷史敘事觀來理解媒介，而是更加強調媒介的物質基礎，並將其與媒介文化的條件聯繫起來。架構分四部分，首先，闡述媒介考古學，是一浮現中的「論述旅行」學科，其核心精神與媒體取證觀、基礎設施研究等多重論理基礎相呼應。第二，介紹本書結構與內容。第三，闡述文化技術概念，如何幫助媒介考古學挖掘更古老的媒介。第四，本文建議媒介考古學應考慮「媒介即網絡」以及「網絡即媒介」的概念，從更為考古學式的視角來理解媒介。

Understanding the roles of cultural differences and socio-economic status in social media continuance intention.

title: Understanding the roles of cultural differences and socio-economic status in social media continuance intention. abstract: Purpose – Drawing upon the literature of Uses and Gratifications (U&G) Theory, the purpose of this paper is to propose that entertainment, information seeking, socialization, and self-presentation are the motivational factors affecting continuance intention of social media. This paper further investigates the moderating effects of cultural difference and socio-economic status on the link between these motivational factors and continuance intention. Design/methodology/approach – Data collected from the 493 active users of Facebook in five countries (Australia, Austria, Japan, Taiwan, and the USA) were used to test the proposed model. Partial least squares method was used to assess the relationships in the model and the subgroup analysis method was employed as well to examine the moderating roles of cultural difference and socio-economic status. Findings – Information seeking exerts stronger effect on continuance intention for users from individualistic cultures, while socialization, and self-presentation has stronger influence on continuance intention for users from collective cultures. Entertainment has stronger influence on continuance for high educated users, whereas self-presentation has stronger influence on continuance intention for users with lower level of education. Finally, the effect of entertainment, information seeking on continuance intention is stronger for users with higher level of income, while self-presentation has stronger influence on continuance intention for users with lower level of income. Originality/value – This study is one of first studies to extend the research context of U&G Theory from adoption of social media to continuance intention of social media. This study is also the first to investigate the moderating roles of cultural difference and socio-economic statuses in social media usage behavior simultaneously.

馬偕的宣教事業與家庭生活

title: 馬偕的宣教事業與家庭生活 abstract: 1862年臺灣開港之後，外國人陸續進入臺灣從事貿易、宣教等各種活動。因為臺灣不對外開放已經長達180年，故開放之後，引起更多外國人來到臺灣一探究竟。其中，馬偕在臺灣開放之後的10年也來到臺灣，他除了進行宣教工作之外，也帶來醫學、教育和農業。這些新的知識和文化改變了臺灣的世界觀，也讓臺灣有機會與國際接軌，往現代化發展。

日本時代台北城東官署的設置-以三線道路東面為例

title: 日本時代台北城東官署的設置-以三線道路東面為例 abstract: 日治時代的台北城東設置許多官署，這些官署的種類相當多元，與清朝時期的規劃完全不同。這些官署提供在這個區域活動的人有更好的幫助，讓這些人很容易在此區域生活。這個區域也成為台灣的政治、教育和經濟的中心，使得這個地方的景色有了很大的改變。這些規劃符合現代化的設計，讓生活在此區域的人更為方便。

Everyday Resistance, Female Agency, and Identity Politics: Code-Switching as Tactic in Still Human

title: Everyday Resistance, Female Agency, and Identity Politics: Code-Switching as Tactic in Still Human abstract: Despite the large population of migrant workers residing and working in cosmopolitan Hong Kong, they have been largely underrepresented or represented negatively in Hong Kong cinema. The 2018 film Still Human, however, provides a rather flexible image of migrant workers with the use of code-switching as a pivotal device. Given the fact that Hong Kong is a multilingual society, the use of code-switching by migrant workers in Still Human can be interpreted, decoded, and reflected on as a tactic with multiple sociocultural functions and subversive potentials. Hence, this essay aims to examine the tactics and multilayered functions of code-switching in Still Human, focusing on three principal perspectives: code-switching as the practice of everyday resistance; code-switching as the manifestation of female agency; and code-switching as the site for identity politics. More crucially, this essay argues that in Still Human, the use of code-switching and code-mixing can be seen to enable migrant workers in Hong Kong to resist the structural domination of the global capitalist and neo-liberalist system while reinforcing female agency and autonomy, thereby deconstructing the self/other binary between the peripheral migrant population and the mainstream society.

朝向多重寫實性：論林龍吟《蚵豐村》中臺灣新電影寫實主義美學的承繼與轉化

title: 朝向多重寫實性：論林龍吟《蚵豐村》中臺灣新電影寫實主義美學的承繼與轉化 abstract: 本文透過對於從臺灣新電影到「後－新電影」寫實主義美學的再思考，探究臺灣新世代導演林龍吟以十六釐米膠卷所拍攝的《蚵豐村》（2019），如何於電影美學及影像風格層面展現與臺灣新電影的延續與轉化關係。本文以巴贊式的寫實主義和普林斯所提出的「感知寫實主義」為思考框架，嘗試指出，《蚵豐村》一方面承繼了臺灣新電影的巴贊式寫實主義美學傳統；而另一方面，同時又藉由揉雜多重寫實性的影像創置，結合3D後製影像的組構，在數位影像時代體現了感知寫實主義，而進一步轉化原有的臺灣新電影寫實主義美學，在臺灣「後－新電影」世代構建嶄新而具異質性的寫實主義美學路徑。

淡水商心事

title: 淡水商心事 abstract: 本期《博物淡水》以「淡水開港設關160週年暨馬偕來臺150週年」為主題，描繪因淡水開港後帶來的關稅貿易、產業結構、地景面貌及日常生活等各方面的改變，以及馬偕來臺對臺灣教育、醫療及建築等面向的影響。文章包含專業學術性內容，本期引入了更多常民生活面對古蹟與歷史的現代觀點，有商家和在地淡水人的鐘情告白，也有藝術家和淡水之間的故事，更有學者講述不凡的水岸趣事、建築之美，希望藉此連結大眾對心中對淡水樣貌的想像，讓民眾用嶄新的視野重新認識在地文化的歷史脈絡。

淡水開港與馬偕來臺

title: 淡水開港與馬偕來臺 abstract: 內容簡介：本期《博物淡水》以「淡水開港設關160週年暨馬偕來臺150週年」為主題，描繪因淡水開港後帶來的關稅貿易、產業結構、地景面貌及日常生活等各方面的改變，以及馬偕來臺對臺灣教育、醫療及建築等面向的影響。文章包含專業學術性內容，本期引入了更多常民生活面對古蹟與歷史的現代觀點，有商家和在地淡水人的鐘情告白，也有藝術家和淡水之間的故事，更有學者講述不凡的水岸趣事、建築之美，希望藉此連結大眾對心中對淡水樣貌的想像，讓民眾用嶄新的視野重新認識在地文化的歷史脈絡。

紅毛城的歷史與管理

title: 紅毛城的歷史與管理 abstract: 本期《博物淡水》以「邊界游移–淡水開埠後的華洋視界」為主題，以時間軸線開序，從歷史、政治、經濟、文化、建築、產業、民生與藝術等八大面向探討淡水開埠後各層面的發展脈絡，呈現多元詮釋的歷史觀點；另從馬偕博士的宣教路徑出發，探討醫療、教育及農業的轉變，擴及硫磺產業鏈、洋行業務及運輸貿易路線，揭開淡水開埠時期華洋文化交融的背景與過程；最後透過許多珍藏的淡水老照片，紀錄與訴說著歷史過往。

祭祀與傳說-以清法戰爭滬尾之役為例

title: 祭祀與傳說-以清法戰爭滬尾之役為例 abstract: 本期《博物淡水》主題為「清法戰爭的多元想像」，跳脫傳統歷史論述的框架，利用多元視角討論清法戰爭，以歷史學為經線，透過民俗、文學、美學、飲食、音樂等緯線，架構出全新的清法戰爭觀點。「封面專題」邀請陳志豪、林欣宜、林信成、李其霖及李毓中等五位教授，分別針對族群、文學、數位典藏、祭祀民俗與文物詮釋等議題進行深入探討；「博物館實務」藉由文化資產擬人畫冊、繪本與桌遊、輕軌站體入口意象、街廓地景營造、創意料理、古蹟音樂活動及湖南勇古蹟園等七篇文章，「人文散記」則透過專訪臺灣民謠大師陳明章及分析清法戰爭圖文創作等，以文化、創意、美學為出發，經由不同角度與方式重新詮釋滬尾之役。

資料去識別化到聯盟式學習：跨組織資料分析之隱私議題探討

title: 資料去識別化到聯盟式學習：跨組織資料分析之隱私議題探討 abstract: 近年來各式資料探勘技術進展迅速，大數據分析不論在實務上或學術上都開始廣泛受到採納。有效整合不同來源的資料能使大數據分析的效益倍增，但若資料中涉及個人資料，多項資料來源的串連將帶來更大的隱私威脅。個人資料法規的進展使得過去數年來資料去識別化的議題廣受重視，而聯盟式學習則提供了另一種毋須先聚合資料，即可共同訓練機器學習模型的可能。本文介紹各國個人資料保護法規中對個人資料的定義如何影響資料共享，並探討資料去識別化及聯盟式學習是否足以協助資料處理者符合現行規範。研究發現，若以合乎目前各國相關規範為目的，去識別化及聯盟式學習均為可行之技術選項，資料處理者可依使用情境挑選兩者中較為適合之機制使用之。

清法戰爭法軍與在臺洋人的活動與表現

title: 清法戰爭法軍與在臺洋人的活動與表現

Predicting Advertisement Revenue of Social-Media-Driven Content Websites: Toward More Efficient and Sustainable Social Media Posting

title: Predicting Advertisement Revenue of Social-Media-Driven Content Websites: Toward More Efficient and Sustainable Social Media Posting abstract: Social media platforms such as Facebook have been a crucial web traffic source for content providers. Content providers build websites and apps to publish their content and attract as many readers as possible. More readers mean more influence and revenue through advertisement. As Internet users spend more and more time on social media platforms, content websites also create social media presence, such as Facebook pages, to generate more traffic and thus revenue from advertisements. With so much content competing for limited real estate on social media users’ timelines, social media platforms begin to rank the contents by user engagements of previous posts. Posting content to social media that receives little user interaction will hurt the content providers’ future presence on social media. Content websites need to consider business sustainability when utilizing social media, to ensure that they can respond to short-term financial needs without compromising their ability to meet their future needs. The present study aims to achieve this goal by building a model to predict the advertisement revenue, which is highly correlated with user engagements, of an intended social media post. The study examined combinations of classification methods and data resampling techniques. A content provider can choose the combination that suits their needs by comparing the confusion matrices. For example, the XGBoost model with undersampled data can reduce the total post number by 87%, while still making sure that 49% of the high-performance posts will be posted. If the content provider wants to make sure more high-performance posts are posted, then they can choose the DNN(Deep Neural Network) model with undersampled data to post 66% of high-performance posts, while reducing the number of total posts by 69%. The study shows that predictive models could be helpful for content providers to balance their needs between short-term revenue income and long-term social media presence.

Predicting Advertisement Revenue of Social-Media-Driven Content Websites: Toward More Efficient and Sustainable Social Media Posting

資料去識別化到聯盟式學習：跨組織資料分析之隱私議題探討

臺灣群眾募資平台專案歷年發展趨勢之研究：數據分析與文字探勘視角

title: 臺灣群眾募資平台專案歷年發展趨勢之研究：數據分析與文字探勘視角 abstract: 群眾募資的概念已經逐漸為大眾所熟悉而成為實現創新構想的重要募資管道。國內兩大平台Flying-V及嘖嘖近年來不論在專案數量或專案募資金額上迭有突破，學者對群眾募資有許多研究產出，唯對於兩大平台的歷年發展情況暫無分年趨勢的研究，因此本研究自兩大群眾募資業者網站擷取資料，進行逐年分析。研究發現：一、2018年為兩家業者營運規模發生交叉的一年，在數量及金額的差距日益增大。二、國内募資平台以科技與設計類募資為主要的募資金額貢獻者，國外盛行的遊戲及影視類募資在國內未有相同表現。三、圖片及影片的使用數量多呈現日漸增加之勢，與預期相符。四、嘖嘖平台上近年來的專案關鍵字較Flying-V更為多元，有助於其吸收更多元的贊助者，以支持更多元的募資專案。

台灣群眾募資平台歷年發展趨勢之研究：數據分析與文字探勘視角

title: 台灣群眾募資平台歷年發展趨勢之研究：數據分析與文字探勘視角

Examining Compliance with Personal Data Protection Regulations in Interorganizational Data Analysis

title: Examining Compliance with Personal Data Protection Regulations in Interorganizational Data Analysis abstract: The development of big data analysis technologies has changed how organizations work. Tech giants, such as Google and Facebook, are well positioned because they possess not only big data sets but also the in-house capability to analyze them. For small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), which have limited resources, capacity, and a relatively small collection of data, the ability to conduct data analysis collaboratively is key. Personal data protection regulations have become stricter due to incidents of private data being leaked, making it more difficult for SMEs to perform interorganizational data analysis. This problem can be resolved by anonymizing the data such that reidentifying an individual is no longer a concern or by deploying technical procedures that enable interorganizational data analysis without the exchange of actual data, such as data deidentification, data synthesis, and federated learning. Herein, we compared the technical options and their compliance with personal data protection regulations from several countries and regions. Using the EU’s GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation) as the main point of reference, technical studies, legislative studies, related regulations, and government-sponsored reports from various countries and regions were also reviewed. Alignment of the technical description with the government regulations and guidelines revealed that the solutions are compliant with the personal data protection regulations. Current regulations require “reasonable” privacy preservation efforts from data controllers; potential attackers are not assumed to be experts with knowledge of the target data set. This means that relevant requirements can be fulfilled without considerably sacrificing data utility. However, the potential existence of an extremely knowledgeable adversary when the stakes of data leakage are high still needs to be considered carefully.

Examining Compliance with Personal Data Protection Regulations in Interorganizational Data Analysis

無所不在的物聯網應用－後疫情時代下的風險意識與安全管理

title: 無所不在的物聯網應用－後疫情時代下的風險意識與安全管理

Sustainable Value Co-Creation in the Virtual Community: How Diversified Co-Creation Experience Affects Co-Creation Intention

title: Sustainable Value Co-Creation in the Virtual Community: How Diversified Co-Creation Experience Affects Co-Creation Intention abstract: The popularization of digital infrastructure has enabled the rise of the online game industry. Instead of targeting entertainment-oriented technology and services, which are the focus of most relevant studies, in the present study, we review the literature from the perspective of considering players of online games as both consumers of entertainment and co-creators of value. The three major antecedents of the theory of planned behavior, namely personal attitude toward co-creation, subjective norms and perceived behavioral control, were modified to explore the relevant constructs. Specifically, the diversity of co-creation experience was used to predict co-creation intention. The proposed model was empirically evaluated through the structural equation modeling of survey data collected from 321 World of Warcraft (WoW) players. As hypothesized, the diversified co-creation experience positively affected the antecedents. The findings provide implications on how to increase players’ participation in co-creation to achieve sustainable mutual benefits.

DE-IDENTIFICATION TECHNIQUE FOR IOT WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK PRIVACY PROTECTION

title: DE-IDENTIFICATION TECHNIQUE FOR IOT WIRELESS SENSOR NETWORK PRIVACY PROTECTION abstract: As the IoT ecosystem becoming more and more mature, hardware and software vendors are trying create new value by connecting all kinds of devices together via IoT. IoT devices are usually equipped with sensors to collect data, and the data collected are transmitted over the air via different kinds of wireless connection. To extract the value of the data collected, the data owner may choose to seek for third-party help on data analysis, or even of the data to the public for more insight. In this scenario it is important to protect the released data from privacy leakage. Here we propose that differential privacy, as a de-identification technique, can be a useful approach to add privacy protection to the data released, as well as to prevent the collected from intercepted and decoded during over-the-air transmission. A way to increase the accuracy of the count queries performed on the edge cases in a synthetic database is also presented in this research.

Developments and Applications of Data Deidentification Technology Under Big Data

title: Developments and Applications of Data Deidentification Technology Under Big Data abstract: In this age characterized by rapid growth in the volume of data, data deidentification technologies have become crucial in facilitating the analysis of sensitive information. For instance, healthcare information must be processed through deidentification procedures before being passed to data analysis agencies in order to prevent any exposure of personal details that would violate privacy. As such, privacy protection issues associated with the release of data and data mining have become a popular field of study in the domain of big data. As a strict and verifiable definition of privacy, differential privacy has attracted noteworthy attention and widespread research in recent years. In this study, we analyze the advantages of differential privacy protection mechanisms in comparison to traditional deidentification data protection methods. Furthermore, we examine and analyze the basic theories of differential privacy and relevant studies regarding data release and data mining.

Re-negotiations of the "China Factor" in Contemporary Hong Kong Genre Cinema

title: Re-negotiations of the "China Factor" in Contemporary Hong Kong Genre Cinema abstract: Given the long-existing and multifaceted negotiations of the “China factor” in Hong Kong film history, this article centers on the political function of genre films by exploring how contemporary Hong Kong filmmakers utilize filmmaking as a flexible strategy to re-negotiate and reflect on the China factor concerning current post-Handover political dynamics. By focusing on several recent Hong Kong genre films as case studies, it examines how the China factor is negotiated in Vulgaria (Disu xiju) (2012) and The Midnight After (Naye lingchen wo zuoshang le wangjiao kaiwang dapu de hong van) (2014), considering the politics of languages alongside the imaginary of the disappearance of Hong Kong’s local cultures in the post-Handover era. It also highlights two post-Umbrella- Revolution films, Trivisa (Shuda zhaofeng) (2016) and The Mobfathers (Xuan lao ding) (2016), to explore how the China factor is negotiated in light of the collective anxieties of Hong Kongers regarding the Handover and controversies in the current electoral system of Hong Kong. By doing so, this article argues that the re-negotiations of the China factor in contemporary Hong Kong genre cinema have become more and more politically reflexive given the increasingly severe political interference of the Beijing sovereignty that has violated the autonomy of Hong Kong, while forming a discourse of resistance of Hong Kongers against possible neo- colonialism from the Chinese authorities in the postcolonial city. Crucially, in contemporary Hong Kong genre cinema, filmmaking functions not only as filmmakers’ flexible strategy to convey political messages, but also as an ongoing process of cultural production and negotiation between the film and the shifting socio-political context.

漢字與拼音字母的難題：十九世紀晚期之前美國與中國的資訊交流

title: 漢字與拼音字母的難題：十九世紀晚期之前美國與中國的資訊交流 abstract: 本研究的目的在於：一、以英語和拼音字母書寫系統的觀點出發，探究1860年代中美尚末建立外交關係前，美國民間對漢字(Chinese character)的認識與印象；二、瞭解漢字和拼音字母兩種文字系統（Writing scripts）本質差異，及中美官方首次文書交流在文字技術處理的難題；三、指出二十世紀之前西方前對漢字的瞭解與努力，為近代西方漢學研究(Sinology/Sinological studies)的基礎。本文以分析文獻與檔案為研究方法，所使用的主要文獻，如早期商人及教會人士在東亞航旅的書簡與紀錄，美國開國元勳Thomas Jefferson在1818年對漢字的看法、美國哲學學會理事長Peter S. DuPonceau在1838年出版A Dissertation on the Nature and Character of the Chinese System of Writing 論文，及後續《中國叢報》（Chinese Repository）討論該論文及漢字本質等相關文獻。此外，本研究也以中美官方1869年首批交換圖書計劃為例，探索美國國會圖書館處理漢字書目資訊的發展，了解美國民間及官方以英語為基礎，建構字母拼寫（transliteration）漢字資訊的早期發展歷程。本研究的結果，勾勒18世紀到19世紀末期，英語世界以拼音字母拼寫（transliteration）漢字的發展，以及訊息內容經過不同文字系統轉譯後的資訊落差。也從馬禮遜（Rev. Robert Morrison）、衛三畏(Samuel Wells Williams)、威妥瑪(Sir Thomas Francis Wade)等人在十九世紀編篡的英漢字典中，探索拼音字母轉譯漢字的發展與困難，以了解漢字和拼音字母兩種文字系統（Writing scripts）本質差異，及民間官方文書資訊交流的影響。研究最後指出十九世紀之前西方前對漢字的了解與努力，為近代西方漢學研究(Sinology/Sinological studies)的基礎。

色手止步--談色情假新聞置入行銷管制

title: 色手止步--談色情假新聞置入行銷管制

「夢與潛意識」和達利超現實主義畫作象徵性之關連

title: 「夢與潛意識」和達利超現實主義畫作象徵性之關連

Smart Learning of Porn Fake News in the Family-Friendly Filters

title: Smart Learning of Porn Fake News in the Family-Friendly Filters abstract: The proliferation of fake news on Facebook and Google has been a hot-button topic after the 2016 US presidential election. Fake news phenomenon is not limited in the political sphere. The porn industries have been using affiliate marketers to send fake news to reach more consumers, even children. Easy availability of pornography for children on the internet has been an issue. In US, the average age of exposure to porn is 11 to 12. Frequent exposure to pornography may lead to normalization of harmful behaviors. Starting late 2013, internet service providers in Britain made “family-friendly filters,” which block X-rated websites, the default for customers, because kids are exposed to pornography at a young age. Google banned pornographic ads from its search engine from July 2014. Prostitution and escort services extend its market despite these efforts for the sake of the upsurge porn fake news. Porn fake news is produced purposefully to click, share, react, and comment. To mitigate the damage caused by porn fake news, designing a fully automated fake news detector is currently infeasible, because the problem at hand is too complex for technology alone. Even the subproblem of defining the criteria under which to classify news as “fake” creates ambiguity that requires human judgment. The ability to determine whether an article is real or fake requires more than just information about the article; it requires an understanding of cultural factors, for example “tea” maybe used by prostitution and escort services in Taiwan. This paper suggests one way to use artificial intelligence and human judgment to make it more valid to quarantine porn fake news.

探討新加坡活絡大學新創事業之校園創業教育機制設計

title: 探討新加坡活絡大學新創事業之校園創業教育機制設計

線上遊戲玩家參與共創因素之探討：比較不同共創任務之差異

title: 線上遊戲玩家參與共創因素之探討：比較不同共創任務之差異

The Value of Uselessness: Entrepreneurial Initiative through Resource Bricolage in Start-up Design Firms

title: The Value of Uselessness: Entrepreneurial Initiative through Resource Bricolage in Start-up Design Firms abstract: 即便資源的「無用之用」得以創造產品的新價值，但新創公司動員少量資源而成就事業並改善產品價值的相關因素仍未受到深入探究。本研究採用拼湊觀點，探討新產品開發的資源拼湊（包括資源可置換性與資源配適程度）對價值創造的影響（包括使用價值與交換價值），並進一步分析互補性資產可得性對兩者關係的干擾效果。本研究蒐集52家展於最大創意市集的台灣設計公司，並以共識評量技術分析樣本。研究結果指出資源可置換性對產品的使用價值有顯著正向影響，資源配適程度則對交換價值有顯著正向影響，而互補性資產可得性則對資源可置換性及交換價值的關係具有調節效果；其中，較高的資源可置換性及較低的互補性資產可得性可提高交換價值。 Although using an ostensibly useless tangible resource can create new product value, the factors that influence start-ups to accomplish more with less and improve their product value are not well understood. By introducing the bricolage perspective, we examine whether resource bricolage (i.e., resource permutability and resource relatedness) enhances value creation (i.e., use value and exchange value) of the new product, and whether the availability of complementary assets moderates this relationship. We investigated 52 startup design firms from the largest outdoor creative market in Taiwan based on the consensual assessment technique. Our findings indicate that resource permutability affect the use value of a product, whereas resource relatedness affects exchange value. The availability of complementary assets moderates the relationship between resource permutability and exchange value. Exchange value increases when products have a high level of resource permutability and a low level of product complementary-assets availability.

Design and Experiment of the Magnetorheological Damper with Multiple Poles

title: Design and Experiment of the Magnetorheological Damper with Multiple Poles abstract: The main function of a suspension system is to isolate and absorb the impact from road surface to vehicle body. To provide good riding comfort, a damper with variable and wide-range damping is highly needed. This paper presents a complete procedure from design, optimization to experiment for a magnetorheological (MR) damper with multiple poles. This new designed damper is entirely different from those conventional single-pole MR dampers, effectively by extending the range of damping force. Magnetic simulation has been done in the paper to provide an optimal structure of the damper which significantly enhances the damping force while avoids magnetic saturation. The new damper was also manufactured and tested. The experimental results show that the provided damping force can be significantly increased with the increase of input current from low to high speeds. Damping force can be varied by 7.41 times. It proves that this new MR damper with high damping force can be controlled adaptively at wide range of operation conditions. It is suitable to be an adaptively variable damping source in semi-active suspension systems.

Open Innovation Practices of Outstanding Companies in Taiwan: More Breadth, Less Depth

title: Open Innovation Practices of Outstanding Companies in Taiwan: More Breadth, Less Depth abstract: 近年來，雖然開放式創新已成為各界競逐之顯學，但對創新標竿企業的探究仍較少著墨。為了瞭解台灣創新標竿企業的開放創新作為及其特性，本研究採用歐洲創新調查（Community Innovation Survey, CIS）之研究設計，以參與經濟部「產業科技獎」與「創新成果表揚」之63家廠商為研究對象，探討這些企業在開放創新作為上的表現。研究發現，創新標竿企業不僅採取積極且主動的開放策略，更以開放的「廣度」為優先考量。其次，相較於服務業、大型企業與未得獎者，製造業、中小企業與得獎廠商，將採取相對積極的開放創新作為。第三、致力於經營「深度」的外部創新活動，將影響企業財務績效。最後，本研究之學術與實務意涵，可供學術研究、企業經營與政策制訂者之參考。 Open innovation (OI) practices have attracted increasing attention in recent years. This study applies the Community Innovation Survey (CIS) to examine OI activities in firms and focuses on outstanding innovative firms in Taiwan to identify the characteristics of activities that have implications for innovation policies. This study yields several findings. First, outstanding innovative firms in Taiwan take a positive and active approach to the breadth and depth of OI and prioritize the former. Second, analyses of various firm categories demonstrate that manufacturers, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs), and award-winning firms pursue more aggressive OI strategies than service-industry firms, large companies, and non-award-winning firms. Third, depth indicators have significant explanatory capabilities related to innovation consequences, and external innovation depth is the main driver of firm financial performance. The conclusion of this study presents the implications of our findings for innovation policies.