DSpace collection: 專書之單篇

Gamma Degradation Models: Inferences and Optimal Designs

title: Gamma Degradation Models: Inferences and Optimal Designs abstract: This book focuses on the statistical aspects of the analysis of degradation data. In recent years, degradation data analysis has come to play an increasingly important role in different disciplines such as reliability, public health sciences, and finance. For example, information on products’ reliability can be obtained by analyzing degradation data. In addition, statistical modeling and inference techniques have been developed on the basis of different degradation measures. The book brings together experts engaged in statistical modeling and inference, presenting and discussing important recent advances in degradation data analysis and related applications. The topics covered are timely and have considerable potential to impact both statistics and reliability engineering.

A Survey of the Modeling and Application on Non-destructive and Destructive Degradation Tests

title: A Survey of the Modeling and Application on Non-destructive and Destructive Degradation Tests abstract: These days, most products are highly reliable which makes it very difficult or even impossible to obtain failure data on such products within a reasonable period of time prior to product release. Degradation tests are one way to overcome this obstacle by collecting degradation data (measurement of degradation) on such products. Based on different measurement processes, degradation tests can be divided into non-destructive and destructive degradation tests. In this chapter, we discuss a number of these two types of degradation models that have been developed in the literature to describe the degradation paths of products. In addition, some applications of degradation models of these two classes are also discussed.

Spacing Methods and Their Applications to Scan Statistics

title: Spacing Methods and Their Applications to Scan Statistics abstract: The “Handbook of Scan Statistics” in two volumes is intended for researchers in probability and statistics and scientists in several areas including biology, engineering, health, medical, and social sciences. It will be of great value to graduate students in statistics and in all areas where scan statistics are used. The specialized field called 'scan statistics', fathered by Joseph Naus around 1999, burgeoned rapidly to prominence in the broader fields of applied probability and statistics. In additional to challenging theoretical problems, scan statistics has exciting applications in many areas of science and technology including archaeology, astronomy, physics, bioinformatics, and food sciences, just to name a few. In many fields, decision makers give a great deal of weight to clusters of events. Public Health investigators look for common cause factors to explain clusters of, for example, cancer. Molecular biologists look for palindrome clusters in DNA for clues as to the origin of replication viruses. Telecommunication engineers design capacity to accommodate clusters of calls being dialed simultaneously to a switchboard. Quality control experts investigate clusters of defects. The probabilities of different types of clusters under various conditions are tools of the physical, natural, and social sciences. Scan statistics arise naturally in the scanning of time and space, seeking clusters of events. It is therefore no surprise that scan statistics is a major area of research in probability and statistics in the 21st century.

Modeling the Association between Clusters of SNPs and Disease Responses.

title: Modeling the Association between Clusters of SNPs and Disease Responses. abstract: The aim of the paper is to discuss the association between SNP genotype data and a disease. For genetic association studies, the statistical analyses with multiple markers have been shown to be more powerful, efficient, and biologically meaningful than single marker association tests. As the number of genetic markers considered is typically large, here we cluster them and then study the association between groups of markers and disease. We propose a two-step procedure: first a Bayesian nonparametric cluster estimate under normalized generalized gamma process mixture models is introduced, so that we are able to incorporate the information from a large-scale SNP data with a much smaller number of explanatory variables. Then, thanks to the introduction of a genetic score, we study the association between the relevant disease response and groups of markers using a logit model. Inference is obtained via an MCMC truncation method recently introduced in the literature. We also provide a review of the state of art of Bayesian nonparametric cluster models and algorithms for the class of mixtures adopted here. Finally, the model is applied to genome-wide association study of Crohn’s disease in a case-control setting.

Childhood Psychosis after H1N1 Influenza

title: Childhood Psychosis after H1N1 Influenza

Adolescent’s Psychotic-like Symptoms after Internet Addiction

title: Adolescent’s Psychotic-like Symptoms after Internet Addiction

Reactive heart rate variability in male patients with first-episode major depressive disorder

title: Reactive heart rate variability in male patients with first-episode major depressive disorder abstract: Objective The association between cardiovascular reactivity and major depressive disorder (MDD) remains unclear. This study aimed to examine this association via reactive heart rate variability (HRV) in a well-diagnosed first-episode MDD group and a control group. Methods A total of 160 physically healthy, drug-naive patients presenting with their first-episode MDD and 50 healthy controls were recruited. All participants underwent a 5-min electrocardiography at rest and during a mental arithmetic task. Depression severity was assessed using the Beck Depression Inventory II (BDI). Results HRV measures that showed between-group differences at rest did not reached significance during mental stress. In contrast, HRV measures that revealed between-group differences during stress did not reach significance at rest. In response to mental stress, HRV measures did not significantly change in both group. However, LF and HF in response to stress were different between groups. Patients with MDD revealed an increasing trend in HF and a decreasing trend in LF; conversely, healthy controls had a decreasing trend in HF and an increasing trend in LF. BDI scores correlated with changes in heart rate in the control group. Conclusions The fundamental change to reactive HRV in patients with first-episode MDD appears qualitative, not quantitative. A distinctly reverse trend in reactive HRV measures were evident between these two groups. Moreover, patients with MDD showed entirely distinct changes in reactive HRV from those in resting HRV. We suggest that in patients with MDD, autonomic system shifts to sympathetic dominance at rest but toward parasympathetic dominance in response to stress.

Efficacy of Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing for Patients with Posttraumatic-Stress Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

title: Efficacy of Eye-Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing for Patients with Posttraumatic-Stress Disorder: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials

Obstructive Sleep Apnea patients having surgery are less associated with glaucoma

title: Obstructive Sleep Apnea patients having surgery are less associated with glaucoma

Effects of Acupressure on Fatigue of Lung Cancer Patients undergoing Chemotherapy: An Experimental Pilot Study

title: Effects of Acupressure on Fatigue of Lung Cancer Patients undergoing Chemotherapy: An Experimental Pilot Study

Meta-Analysis of Stratus OCT Glaucoma Diagnostic Accuracy

title: Meta-Analysis of Stratus OCT Glaucoma Diagnostic Accuracy

A Pilot Study: Association between Minor Physical Anomalies in Childhood and Future Mental Problems

title: A Pilot Study: Association between Minor Physical Anomalies in Childhood and Future Mental Problems

Parameniscal cyst formation in the knee is associated with meniscal tear size: An MRI study

title: Parameniscal cyst formation in the knee is associated with meniscal tear size: An MRI study

Barriers to Seeking Help among Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Taiwan

title: Barriers to Seeking Help among Children with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder in Taiwan

Predicting Cancer Risks from Dental Computed Tomography

title: Predicting Cancer Risks from Dental Computed Tomography

Association between Zolpidem Use and Glaucoma Risk: A Taiwan Population-Based Case-control Study

title: Association between Zolpidem Use and Glaucoma Risk: A Taiwan Population-Based Case-control Study

Risks of Abnormal Internet Use among Adolescents with Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

title: Risks of Abnormal Internet Use among Adolescents with Attention-deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder abstract: Purpose This aim of the study is to investigate the risks among adolescents with attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) who develop compulsive Internet use (CIU) and adolescents who do not develop CIU. Methods Seventy-eight adolescents with ADHD completed general demographic questionnaires that included information on body mass index, subtype, comorbidity, and behavioral problems. The family characteristics included information on parental ADHD diagnosis, psychiatric symptoms, and media exposure problems. The respondents were categorized as ADHD with CIU or ADHD with non-CIU, based on the Internet addiction cutoff point by the standardized measurements of the Chen Internet Addiction Scale. Results The results revealed 12.8% of the adolescents with ADHD had CIU. They were characterized by average height, tendency to withdraw, having a young father, and playing computer games for more than 1 hour daily. Conclusion More attention to ADHD adolescents with CIU is warranted. An early intervention program is suggested for their social withdrawal tendency.

Shape restricted regression with random Bernstein polynomials

title: Shape restricted regression with random Bernstein polynomials

Extreme Positive Operators on Convex Cones

title: Extreme Positive Operators on Convex Cones

Uniform Boundedness and Generalized Inverses in Lyapunov-Schmidt Method for Subharmonics

title: Uniform Boundedness and Generalized Inverses in Lyapunov-Schmidt Method for Subharmonics

Sequential likelihood procedures for selecting a subset and fixed sample size analogues

title: Sequential likelihood procedures for selecting a subset and fixed sample size analogues

Noether’s problem for some p-groups

title: Noether’s problem for some p-groups

Matrix Visualization

title: Matrix Visualization

Matrices Leaving a Cone Invariant

title: Matrices Leaving a Cone Invariant

Optimal Sample Size Allocation for Accelerated Degradation Test Based on Wiener Process

title: Optimal Sample Size Allocation for Accelerated Degradation Test Based on Wiener Process abstract: Degradation tests are widely used to assess the reliability of highly reliable products which are not likely to fail under traditional life tests or accelerated life tests (ALT). However, for some highly reliable products, the degradation may be very slow, and thus it seems impossible to have a precise assessment within a reasonable test time. In such cases, an alternative technique is to use higher stresses to extrapolate the product’s reliability at the normal use stress. This is called an accelerated degradation test (ADT). In this article, motivated by a LEDs data, we discuss the optimal allocation problem under accelerated degradation experiment when a Wiener process is used to describe the product’s degradation path. We derive the Fisher information and the approximate variance of the estimated mean-time-to-failure (MTTF) under normal use. Three optimality criteria are defined and the optimal allocation of test units are determined.Finally, the LEDs data is illustrated to demonstrate the efficiency of the optimal allocation of test units.

Linear combinations of spacings

title: Linear combinations of spacings

Bayesian sampling plan for type-I censored exponential data

title: Bayesian sampling plan for type-I censored exponential data

A Note on the Consistency in Bayesian Shape-Restricted Regression with Random Bernstein Polynomials

title: A Note on the Consistency in Bayesian Shape-Restricted Regression with Random Bernstein Polynomials abstract: We describe a Bayesian framework for shape-restricted regression in which the prior is given by Bernstein polynomials. We present consistency theorems concerning the posterior distribution in this Bayesian approach. This study includes monotone regression and a few other shape-restricted regressions.

An Approach to Computations Involving Spacings with Applications to the Scan Statistic

title: An Approach to Computations Involving Spacings with Applications to the Scan Statistic abstract: Consider the order statistics fromNi.i.d. random variables uniformly distributed on the interval (0,1]. We present a general method for computing probabilities involving differences of the order statistics or linear combinations of the spacings between the order statistics. This method is based on repeated use of a basic recursion to break up the joint distribution of linear combinations of spacings into simpler components which are easily evaluated. LetS w denote the (continuous conditional) scan statistic with window length w. Let Cwdenote the number of m: w clumps among theNrandom points, where an m: w clump is defined as m points falling within an interval of length w. We apply our general method to compute the distribution ofS w (for smallN)and the lower-order moments of Cw. The final answers produced by our approach are piecewise polynomials (in w) whose coefficients are computed exactly. These expressions can be stored and later used to rapidly compute numerical answers which are accurate to any required degree of precision.

Using Moments to Approximate the Distribution of the Scan Statistic

title: Using Moments to Approximate the Distribution of the Scan Statistic abstract: Let C w denote the number ofm:wclumps amongNrandom points uniformly distributed in the interval (01]. (We say that anm:wclump exists whenmpoints fall within an interval of lengthw.) The previous chapter described how to compute the lower-order moments ofC w . In the present chapter, we discuss ways these moments can be used to obtain bounds and approximations for the distribution of the (continuous conditional) scan statisticS w . We give upper and lower bounds based on the use of four moments. In some situations, these bounds improve considerably on the previously available bounds. We present an approximation based on a simple Markov chain model, and also give a variety of compound Poisson approximations. These approximations are compared with others in the literature. Finally, we present a compound Poisson approximation to the distribution of the number of clumpsC w .

Scan Statistic and Multiple Scan Statistics

title: Scan Statistic and Multiple Scan Statistics abstract: The scan statistic and multiple scan statistic can be used in many areas of science. In this chapter, a survey of results on scan statistic for the continuous conditional case is presented. We discuss the exact distribution and asymptotic results, and study various approximations and bounds. Moreover, a general expression for the kth moment of the multiple scan statistic and a computational approach for its distribution are covered. Numerical results comparing various approximations in the literature are also presented.

今日的破密學

title: 今日的破密學